深拷贝、浅拷贝

浅拷贝：简单的赋值操作

深拷贝：在堆里重新申请空间，进行拷贝操作

浅拷贝：

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
class Person
{
public:
	int m_age;
	Person()
	{
		cout << "默认构造函数" << endl;
	}
	Person(int age)
	{
		m_age = age;
		cout << "有参构造函数" << endl;
	}
	~Person()
	{
		cout << "析构函数调用" << endl;
	}
};
void test01()
{
	Person p(18);
	cout << "p    " << p.m_age << endl;
	Person p2(p);
	cout << "p2    " << p2.m_age << endl;

}
int main()
{
	test01();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

整个代码没有任何问题，系统自带拷贝函数。 但是将上面的代码进行一些修改。

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
class Person
{
public:
	int m_age;
	int* m_height;
	Person()
	{
		cout << "默认构造函数" << endl;
	}
	Person(int age,int height)
	{
		m_age = age;
		m_height = new int(height);
		cout << "有参构造函数" << endl;
	}
	~Person()
	{
		//析构函数，将堆区开辟的数据做释放操作

		if (m_height != NULL)
		{
			delete m_height;
			m_height = NULL;
		}
		cout << "析构函数调用" << endl;
	}
};
void test01()
{
	Person p(18,160);
	cout << "p    " << p.m_age    << *p.m_height<<endl;
	Person p2(p);
	cout << "p2    " << p2.m_age <<*p2.m_height<< endl;

}
int main()
{
	test01();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

我们新建一个指针类型的变量存放在堆区（程序员自己清理），然后在析构函数里面将堆区的数据内存清理。这时会发生什么呢？

 程序直接崩了，为什么？

原因分析
​​​

 

 堆区开辟的空间被重复释放。要用深拷贝来解决。

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
class Person
{
public:
	int m_age;
	int* m_height;
	Person()
	{
		cout << "默认构造函数" << endl;
	}
	Person(int age,int height)
	{
		m_age = age;
		m_height = new int(height);
		cout << "有参构造函数" << endl;
	}
	Person(const Person& p)
	{
		cout << "Person拷贝构造函数调用" << endl;
		m_age = p.m_age;
		m_height = new int(*p.m_height);//重新new一块内存让自己来释放
	}
	~Person()
	{
		//析构函数，将堆区开辟的数据做释放操作

		if (m_height != NULL)
		{
			delete m_height;
			m_height = NULL;
		}
		cout << "析构函数调用" << endl;
	}
};
void test01()
{
	Person p(18,160);
	cout << "p    " << p.m_age    << *p.m_height<<endl;
	Person p2(p);
	cout << "p2    " << p2.m_age <<*p2.m_height<< endl;

}
int main()
{
	test01();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

这样就正确了