Spring 进阶原理
一、快速入门
1.三种思想的提出
2.利用配置快速创建bean工厂
思想:把创建对象的职责交给第三方
//定义接口
public interface UserService {
}
//类实现接口
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
}
在resource文件夹下创建xml配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
//class指向对象地址,利用id取别名来创建对象
<bean id="userService" class="org.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
</beans>
测试:
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建一个bean工厂对象
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
//创建一个读取器
XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
//读取配置文件给工厂
reader.loadBeanDefinitions("beans.xml");
//根据id来获取实例化对象
UserService userService = (UserService) beanFactory.getBean("userService");
System.out.println(userService);
}
}
3.依赖注入
同样创建另一个Dao对象,然后在Service中调用Dao
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
public void setXxxDao(UserDao userDao){
System.out.println(userDao);
}
}
在配置中进行依赖注入:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="userService" class="org.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
//ref标签指向另一个bean工厂,name为函数set后面的别名
<property name="xxxDao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="userDao" class="org.example.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
</beans>
总结:
4.从bean工厂到Spring容器
利用ApplicationContext可以快速创建
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
UserService userService = (UserService) applicationContext.getBean("userService");
System.out.println(userService);