UVa548TREE

题目描述:
Tree

You are to determine the value of the leaf node in a given binary tree that is the terminal node of a path of least value from the root of the binary tree to any leaf. The value of a path is the sum of values of nodes along that path.
Input
The input file will contain a description of the binary tree given as the inorder and postorder traversal sequences of that tree. Your program will read two line (until end of file) from the input file. The first line will contain the sequence of values associated with an inorder traversal of the tree and the second line will contain the sequence of values associated with a postorder traversal of the tree. All values will be different, greater than zero and less than 10000. You may assume that no binary tree will have more than 10000 nodes or less than 1 node.
Output
For each tree description you should output the value of the leaf node of a path of least value. In the case of multiple paths of least value you should pick the one with the least value on the terminal node.
Sample Input
3 2 1 4 5 7 6
3 1 2 5 6 7 4
7 8 11 3 5 16 12 18
8 3 11 7 16 18 12 5
255
255
Sample Output
1
3
255

题目大意:
第一行为中序遍历,第二行为后序遍历,找一个叶子节点使他到根的路径上的权值和最小。

解题思路:
通过后序遍历和中序遍历,来建立二叉树,再执行一次递归遍历来找到题目所求的叶子节点。

AC代码:

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<sstream>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
//各个节点权值不同,直接用权值来做结点编号
const int maxv = 10000+10;
int in_order[maxv] , post_order[maxv],lch[maxv],rch[maxv];
int n;
bool read_list(int* a)
{
	string line;
	if(!getline(cin,line))
	  return false;
	stringstream ss(line);
	n = 0;
	int x;
	while(ss >> x)
	  a[n++] = x;
	return n>0;
} 
//把in_order[l1....r1]和post[l2...r2]建成一棵二叉树
int build(int l1,int r1,int l2,int r2)
{
	if(l1 > r1)
	  return 0;
	int root = post_order[r2];
	int p = l1;
	while(in_order[p]!=root)
	  p++;
	int cnt = p-l1;
	lch[root] = build(l1,p-1,l2,l2+cnt-1);
	rch[root] = build(p+1,r1,l2+cnt,r2-1);
	return root;
} 
int best,best_sum;
void dfs(int u , int sum)
{
	sum+=u;
	if(!lch[u]&&!rch[u])
	{
		if(sum < best_sum||(sum==best_sum&&u<best))
		{
			best = u;
			best_sum = sum;
		}
	}
	if(lch[u])
	  dfs(lch[u],sum);
	if(rch[u])
	  dfs(rch[u],sum);
}
int main()
{
	while(read_list(in_order))
	{
		read_list(post_order);
		build(0,n-1,0,n-1);
		best_sum = 10000000;
		dfs(post_order[n-1],0);
		cout << best << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}
//二叉树的递归遍历 
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