如何通过hibernate在数据库中建立关联表

表与表之间的关系

1. 一对多关系。例：客户与联系人
   （1）一对一：一个分类里面有多个商品，一个商品只能属于一个分类。
   （2）一对多：一个客户有很多联系人，一个联系人只能属于一个客户。
2. 多对多关系。例：用户和角色
   订单和商品的关系：一个订单里面有很多商品，一个商品属于多个订单。
   用户和角色的关系：总经理可以兼任司机，保安可以兼任秘书。

一对多表的实现

以客户与联系人为例，先创建对应的class文件。

//客户的实体类
package cn.zzuli.lhk;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class t_Customer {
		private Integer cid;
		private String name;
		private String gender;
		private String work;
		private String phone;
		private String Mobile;
		private Set<t_LinkMan> setLinkMan = new HashSet<t_LinkMan>();
		
		public Set<t_LinkMan> getSetLinkMan() {
			return setLinkMan;
		}
		public void setSetLinkMan(Set<t_LinkMan> setLinkMan) {
			this.setLinkMan = setLinkMan;
		}
		public Integer getCid() {
			return cid;
		}
		public void setCid(Integer cid) {
			this.cid = cid;
		}
		public String getName() {
			return name;
		}
		public void setName(String name) {
			this.name = name;
		}
		public String getGender() {
			return gender;
		}
		public void setGender(String gender) {
			this.gender = gender;
		}
		public String getWork() {
			return work;
		}
		public void setWork(String work) {
			this.work = work;
		}
		public String getPhone() {
			return phone;
		}
		public void setPhone(String phone) {
			this.phone = phone;
		}
		public String getMobile() {
			return Mobile;
		}
		public void setMobile(String mobile) {
			Mobile = mobile;
		}
		
}

//联系人的实体类
package cn.zzuli.lhk;

public class t_LinkMan {
	private Integer lid;
	private String name;
	private String gender;
	private String phone;
	private Integer clid;
	private t_Customer customer;
	
	
	public Integer getClid() {
		return clid;
	}
	public void setClid(Integer clid) {
		this.clid = clid;
	}
	public t_Customer getCustomer() {
		return customer;
	}
	public void setCustomer(t_Customer customer) {
		this.customer = customer;
	}
	public Integer getLid() {
		return lid;
	}
	public void setLid(Integer lid) {
		this.lid = lid;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getGender() {
		return gender;
	}
	public void setGender(String gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}
	public String getPhone() {
		return phone;
	}
	public void setPhone(String phone) {
		this.phone = phone;
	}
}

配置xml属性文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    <!-- 客户的xml文件 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name = "cn.zzuli.lhk.t_Customer" table="t_Customer">
		<id name = "cid" column = "cid">
			<generator class="native"></generator>		
		</id>
		<property name="name" column = "name"></property>
		<property name="gender" column = "gender"></property>
		<property name="work" column = "work"></property>
		<property name="phone" column = "phone"></property>
		<property name="Mobile" column = "Mobile"></property>
		<!-- name属性值为客户实体类中的联系人集合的名称 
			双向维护外键，要做到前后外键名称一致
		-->
		<set name="setLinkMan">
			<key column = "clid"></key>
			<one-to-many class = "cn.zzuli.lhk.t_LinkMan"/>
		</set>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
   

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    <!-- 联系人的xml文件 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name = "cn.zzuli.lhk.t_LinkMan" table = "t_LinkMan">
		<id name = "lid" column = "lid">
			<generator class="native"></generator>
		</id>
		<property name="name" column = "name"></property>
		<property name="gender" column = "gender"></property>
		<property name="phone" column = "phone"></property>
		<!-- 双向维护外键 
		name属性值为联系人实体类中Customer对象名称，这个很重要
		-->
		<many-to-one name = "customer" class = "cn.zzuli.lhk.t_Customer" column = "clid"></many-to-one>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
   

测试。

package cn.zzuli.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import cn.zzuli.lhk.t_Customer;
import cn.zzuli.lhk.t_LinkMan;
import hibernateUtils.hibernateUtils;

public class hbtest2 {
    
	@Test
	public void testadd() {
		
		SessionFactory sessionfactory = null;
		
		//连接
		Session session = null;
		//开启事务
		Transaction tx = null;
		try {
			sessionfactory = hibernateUtils.getSessionFactoryUtils();
			
			//连接
			session = sessionfactory.openSession();
			//开启事务
			tx = session.beginTransaction();
				
				t_Customer customer = new t_Customer();
				customer.setCid(1);
				customer.setGender("男");
				customer.setName("卓一");
				customer.setMobile("15865946624");
				customer.setPhone("03740081");
				customer.setWork("政协委员");
				
				t_LinkMan linkman = new t_LinkMan();
				linkman.setLid(1);
				linkman.setName("王二");
				linkman.setGender("男");
				linkman.setPhone("15265658594");
				//linkman.setClid(customer.getCid());
				
				customer.getSetLinkMan().add(linkman);
				linkman.setCustomer(customer);
				
				session.save(customer);
				session.save(linkman);
				
				tx.commit();
		}catch(Exception e){
			tx.rollback();
			
		}finally {
				session.close();
				sessionfactory.close();
		}
	}
}

得出结论。

个人感悟

这个一对多建表我搞了很长时间，其中印象最深刻的就是配置文件这一过程，由于不细心对后期排查造成了很大困难，出现了各种各样的报错，也想过求援，但是代码是自己敲得，技术上不会了可以问一下子，排查bug的过程必须自己来做，这个感想算是纪念独立解决bug的一天。