ResultSet:结果集对象,封装查询结果
* boolean next(): 游标向下移动一行,判断当前行是否是最后一行末尾(是否有数据),如果是,则返回false,如果不是则返回true
* getXxx(参数):获取数据
* Xxx:代表数据类型 如: int getInt() , String getString()
* 参数:
1. int:代表列的编号,从1开始 如: getString(1)
2. String:代表列名称。 如: getDouble("balance")
* 注意:
* 使用步骤:
1. 游标向下移动一行
2. 判断是否有数据
3. 获取数据
//循环判断游标是否是最后一行末尾。
while(rs.next()){
//获取数据
//6.2 获取数据
int id = rs.getInt(1);//第一列,指ID列
String name = rs.getString("name");//这里是get列的名称
double balance = rs.getDouble(3);
System.out.println(id + "---" + name + "---" + balance);
}
ResultSet类方法练习1
查询db3的account表格
import java.sql.*;
/**
* 执行DDL语句
*/
public class JDBCDemo7 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
//1. 注册驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//2.获取连接对象
conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql:///db3", "root", "root");
//3.定义sql
String sql = "select * from account";
//4.获取执行sql对象
stmt = conn.createStatement();
//5.执行sql
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
//6.处理结果
//循环判断游标是否是最后一行末尾。
while(rs.next()){
//获取数据
//6.2 获取数据
int id = rs.getInt(1);
String name = rs.getString("name");
double balance = rs.getDouble(3);
System.out.println(id + "---" + name + "---" + balance);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//7.释放资源
//ResultSet也要释放资源!!!
if(rs != null){
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(stmt != null){
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(conn != null){
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
ResultSet类方法练习2
定义一个方法,查询emp表的数据将其封装为对象,然后装载集合,返回。
1. 定义Emp类
2. 定义方法 public List< Emp > findAll(){}
3. 实现方法 select * from emp;
定义一个Emp对象
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 封装Emp表数据的JavaBean
*/
public class Emp {
private int id;
private String ename;
private int job_id;
private int mgr;
private Date joindate;
private double salary;
private double bonus;
private int dept_id;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getEname() {
return ename;
}
public void setEname(String ename) {
this.ename = ename;
}
public int getJob_id() {
return job_id;
}
public void setJob_id(int job_id) {
this.job_id = job_id;
}
public int getMgr() {
return mgr;
}
public void setMgr(int mgr) {
this.mgr = mgr;
}
public Date getJoindate() {
return joindate;
}
public void setJoindate(Date joindate) {
this.joindate = joindate;
}
public double getSalary() {
return salary;
}
public void setSalary(double salary) {
this.salary = salary;
}
public int getDept_id() {
return dept_id;
}
public void setDept_id(int dept_id) {
this.dept_id = dept_id;
}
public double getBonus() {
return bonus;
}
public void setBonus(double bonus) {
this.bonus = bonus;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Emp{" +
"id=" + id +
", ename='" + ename + '\'' +
", job_id=" + job_id +
", mgr=" + mgr +
", joindate=" + joindate +
", salary=" + salary +
", bonus=" + bonus +
", dept_id=" + dept_id +
'}';
}
}
实现方法:
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* * 定义一个方法,查询emp表的数据将其封装为对象,然后装载集合,返回。
*/
public class JDBCDemo8 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Emp> list = new JDBCDemo8().findAll2();
for (Emp emp : list) {
System.out.println(emp);
}
}
/**
* 查询所有emp对象
* @return
*/
public List<Emp> findAll(){
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
List<Emp> list = null;
try {
//1.注册驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//2.获取连接
conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql:///db3", "root", "root");
//3.定义sql
String sql = "select * from emp";
//4.获取执行sql的对象
stmt = conn.createStatement();
//5.执行sql
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
//6.遍历结果集,封装对象,装载集合
Emp emp = null;
list = new ArrayList<Emp>();
while(rs.next()){
//获取数据
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String ename = rs.getString("ename");
int job_id = rs.getInt("job_id");
int mgr = rs.getInt("mgr");
Date joindate = rs.getDate("joindate");
double salary = rs.getDouble("salary");
double bonus = rs.getDouble("bonus");
int dept_id = rs.getInt("dept_id");
// 创建emp对象,并赋值
emp = new Emp();
emp.setId(id);
emp.setEname(ename);
emp.setJob_id(job_id);
emp.setMgr(mgr);
emp.setJoindate(joindate);
emp.setSalary(salary);
emp.setBonus(bonus);
emp.setDept_id(dept_id);
//装载集合
list.add(emp);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
if(rs != null){
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(stmt != null){
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(conn != null){
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return list;
}
结果:
在while(rs.next())方法体内的id,ename等必须和数据库中的名字保持一致,但是Emp对象中的名字可以不用一致,推荐一致
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由于这样每次都要连接不同数据库时,都要改动代码,代码复用性很差,此外,释放资源操作也过于冗余复杂,因此,可以使用抽取JDBC工具类 : JDBCUtils
来简化代码
代码实现:
Emp对象类的写法同上;
jdbc.properties文件:
url=jdbc:mysql:///db3
user=root
password=root
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
JDBC工具类:
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* JDBC工具类
*/
public class JDBCUtils {
private static String url;//连接方法中要用,所以作为全局变量,使用static,static方法能用
private static String user;
private static String password;
private static String driver;
/**
* 文件的读取,只需要读取一次即可拿到这些值。使用静态代码块
*/
static {
//读取资源文件,获取值。
try {
//1. 创建Properties集合类。
Properties pro = new Properties();
//获取src路径下的文件的方式--->ClassLoader 类加载器
ClassLoader classLoader = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader();
URL res = classLoader.getResource("jdbc.properties");
String path = res.getPath();
//System.out.println(res); //file:/F:/IdeaProjects/day11-code/out/production/day04_jdbc/jdbc.properties
// System.out.println(path); //D:/IdeaProjects/itcast/out/production/day04_jdbc/jdbc.properties
//2. 加载文件
// pro.load(new FileReader("D:\\IdeaProjects\\itcast\\day04_jdbc\\src\\jdbc.properties"));
pro.load(new FileReader(path));
//3. 获取数据,赋值
url = pro.getProperty("url");
user = pro.getProperty("user");
password = pro.getProperty("password");
driver = pro.getProperty("driver");
//4. 注册驱动
Class.forName(driver);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 获取连接
*
* @return 连接对象
*/
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
return DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
}
/**
* 释放资源
*
* @param stmt
* @param conn
*/
public static void close(Statement stmt, Connection conn) {
if (stmt != null) {
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 释放资源
*
* @param rs
* @param stmt
* @param conn
*/
public static void close(ResultSet rs, Statement stmt, Connection conn) {
if (rs != null) {
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (stmt != null) {
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
实现方法:
import cn.itcast.domain.Emp;
import cn.itcast.util.JDBCUtils;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* * 定义一个方法,查询emp表的数据将其封装为对象,然后装载集合,返回。
*/
public class JDBCDemo8 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Emp> list = new JDBCDemo8().findAll2();
for (Emp emp : list) {
System.out.println(emp);
}
}
/**
* 演示JDBC工具类
* @return
*/
public List<Emp> findAll2(){
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
List<Emp> list = null;
try {
/* //1.注册驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//2.获取连接
conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql:///db3", "root", "root");*/
conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
//3.定义sql
String sql = "select * from emp";
//4.获取执行sql的对象
stmt = conn.createStatement();
//5.执行sql
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
//6.遍历结果集,封装对象,装载集合
Emp emp = null;
list = new ArrayList<Emp>();
while(rs.next()){
//获取数据
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String ename = rs.getString("ename");
int job_id = rs.getInt("job_id");
int mgr = rs.getInt("mgr");
Date joindate = rs.getDate("joindate");
double salary = rs.getDouble("salary");
double bonus = rs.getDouble("bonus");
int dept_id = rs.getInt("dept_id");
// 创建emp对象,并赋值
emp = new Emp();
emp.setId(id);
emp.setEname(ename);
emp.setJob_id(job_id);
emp.setMgr(mgr);
emp.setJoindate(joindate);
emp.setSalary(salary);
emp.setBonus(bonus);
emp.setDept_id(dept_id);
//装载集合
list.add(emp);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
/*if(rs != null){
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(stmt != null){
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(conn != null){
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}*/
JDBCUtils.close(rs,stmt,conn);
}
return list;
}