java--字节码角度理解i++,++i,--i

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a=10;
        int b=a++ + ++a + a--;
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println(b);
    }
}

代码允许结果

根据javap 反编译字节码文件

  Last modified 2021-3-4; size 549 bytes
  MD5 checksum 375d17aeb763c26fcb442ccd15b66894
  Compiled from "Test.java"
public class Test
  minor version: 0
  major version: 49
  flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
Constant pool:
   #1 = Methodref          #5.#22         // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
   #2 = Fieldref           #23.#24        // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
   #3 = Methodref          #25.#26        // java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
   #4 = Class              #27            // Test
   #5 = Class              #28            // java/lang/Object
   #6 = Utf8               <init>
   #7 = Utf8               ()V
   #8 = Utf8               Code
   #9 = Utf8               LineNumberTable
  #10 = Utf8               LocalVariableTable
  #11 = Utf8               this
  #12 = Utf8               LTest;
  #13 = Utf8               main
  #14 = Utf8               ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
  #15 = Utf8               args
  #16 = Utf8               [Ljava/lang/String;
  #17 = Utf8               a
  #18 = Utf8               I
  #19 = Utf8               b
  #20 = Utf8               SourceFile
  #21 = Utf8               Test.java
  #22 = NameAndType        #6:#7          // "<init>":()V
  #23 = Class              #29            // java/lang/System
  #24 = NameAndType        #30:#31        // out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #25 = Class              #32            // java/io/PrintStream
  #26 = NameAndType        #33:#34        // println:(I)V
  #27 = Utf8               Test
  #28 = Utf8               java/lang/Object
  #29 = Utf8               java/lang/System
  #30 = Utf8               out
  #31 = Utf8               Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #32 = Utf8               java/io/PrintStream
  #33 = Utf8               println
  #34 = Utf8               (I)V
{
  public Test();
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
         0: aload_0
         1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
         4: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 1: 0
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0       5     0  this   LTest;

  public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
    descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
    Code:
      stack=2, locals=3, args_size=1
         0: bipush        10
         2: istore_1
         3: iload_1
         4: iinc          1, 1
         7: iinc          1, 1
        10: iload_1
        11: iadd
        12: iload_1
        13: iinc          1, -1
        16: iadd
        17: istore_2
        18: getstatic     #2                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        21: iload_1
        22: invokevirtual #3                  // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        25: getstatic     #2                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        28: iload_2
        29: invokevirtual #3                  // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        32: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 4: 0
        line 5: 3
        line 6: 18
        line 7: 25
        line 8: 32
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0      33     0  args   [Ljava/lang/String;
            3      30     1     a   I
           18      15     2     b   I
}
SourceFile: "Test.java"

执行bipush 10 把10压入操作树栈中

然后执行 istore 1 把 10弹出存入1号槽位对应变量a

局部变量表 每个变量对应的槽位

然后执行iload 1 把槽位为1的变量的值读取出来放入操作树栈中

iinc 1,1 意思是把1号槽位变量的值+1

然后又是一次 iinc 1,1 把1号槽位变成了12

iload 1 加载到操作树栈

iadd进行一次加法 得到22

iload1 加入操作树栈

iinc 1,-1 把1号槽位的a - 1

iadd 相加

istore 2 把34 赋值给2号槽位的变量b

得到 a = 11 , b = 34