1 拦截器简介
Spring MVC也可以使用拦截器对请求进行拦截处理,用户可以自定义拦截器来实现特定的功能,自定义的拦截器可以实现HandlerInterceptor接口,也可以继承HandlerInterceptorAdapter 适配器类。 HandlerInterceptor接口方法说明: a) preHandle():这个方法在业务处理器处理请求之前被调用,可以在此方法中做一些权限的校验。如果程序员决定该拦截器对请求进行拦截处理后还要调用其他的拦截器,或者是业务处理器去进行处理,则返回true;如果程序员决定不需要再调用其他的组件去处理请求,则返回false。 b) postHandle():这个方法在业务处理器处理请求之后,渲染视图之前调用。在此方法中可以对ModelAndView中的模型和视图进行处理。 c) afterCompletion():这个方法在 DispatcherServlet 完全处理完请求后被调用,可以在该方法中进行一些资源清理的操作。
2 配置单个拦截器
1) 创建一个类实现HandlerInterceptor接口
package com. springmvc. interceptors ;
import org. springframework. web. servlet. HandlerInterceptor ;
import org. springframework. web. servlet. ModelAndView ;
import javax. servlet. http. HttpServletRequest ;
import javax. servlet. http. HttpServletResponse ;
public class FirstInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle ( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System . out. println ( "FirstInterceptor的preHandle方法执行" ) ;
return true ;
}
@Override
public void postHandle ( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System . out. println ( "FirstInterceptor的postHandle方法执行" ) ;
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion ( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System . out. println ( "FirstInterceptor的afterCompletion方法执行" ) ;
}
}
2) 在SpringMVC配置文件中配置拦截器
< mvc: interceptors>
< bean id = " firstInterceptor" class = " com.springmvc.interceptors.FirstInterceptor" > </ bean>
</ mvc: interceptors>
3) 单个拦截器的执行流程图
3 配置多个拦截器
1) 再创建一个拦截器类
package com. springmvc. interceptors ;
import org. springframework. web. servlet. HandlerInterceptor ;
import org. springframework. web. servlet. ModelAndView ;
import javax. servlet. http. HttpServletRequest ;
import javax. servlet. http. HttpServletResponse ;
public class SecondInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle ( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System . out. println ( "SecondInterceptor的preHandle方法执行" ) ;
return true ;
}
@Override
public void postHandle ( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System . out. println ( "SecondInterceptor的postHandle方法执行" ) ;
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion ( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System . out. println ( "SecondInterceptor的afterCompletion方法执行" ) ;
}
}
2) 通过另外一种方式在SpringMVC的配置文件中配置拦截器
< mvc: interceptor>
< mvc: mapping path = " /testInterceptor" />
< bean id = " secondInterceptor" class = " com.springmvc.interceptors.SecondInterceptor" > </ bean>
</ mvc: interceptor>
< mvc: interceptors>
< bean id = " firstInterceptor" class = " com.springmvc.interceptors.FirstInterceptor" > </ bean>
3) 处理器方法
@RequestMapping ( "/testInterceptor" )
public String testInterceptor ( ) {
System . out. println ( "测试拦截器" ) ;
return "success" ;
}
4) 测试结果
5) 多个拦截器的执行顺序由SpringMVC配置文件中配置的顺序决定。
6) 多个拦截器的执行流程图