day19

Day 19

1. Background

今天是学习java的第十九天，今天学习的是字符数组的匹配和按位置输出。

2. Code

package datastructure;

public class MyString {
    // The maximal length.
    public static final int MAX_LENGTH = 10;

    int length;
    // The data.
    char[] data;

    /**
     *************
     * Construct an empty char array.
     *************
     */
    public MyString() {
        length = 0;
        data = new char[MAX_LENGTH];
    } // Of the first construct

    /**
     *************
     * Reload Mystring.
     * 
     * @param paraString The given string.
     */
    public MyString(String paraString) {
        data = new char[MAX_LENGTH];
        length = paraString.length();

        // Copy data
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            data[i] = paraString.charAt(i);
        } // Of for i
    } // Of the secend data

    /**
     *************
     * 判定字符数组中是否包含给定数组
     * 
     * @param paraMyString The given string.
     * @return -1 or The given string's position on data.
     *         ************
     */
    public int locate(MyString paraMyString) {
        boolean tempMatch = false;

        for (int i = 0; i < length - paraMyString.length + 1; i++) {
            // Initialize.
            tempMatch = true;
            for (int j = 0; j < paraMyString.length; j++) {
                if (data[i + j] != paraMyString.data[j]) {
                    tempMatch = false;
                    break;
                } // Of if
            } // Of for j

            if (tempMatch) {
                return i;
            } // Of if
        } // Of for i
        return -1;
    }// Of locate

    /**
     * 
     * 按指定的位置和长度输出字符数组
     * 
     * @param paraPosition The given position.
     * @param paraLength   The given length.
     * @return null or match.
     */
    public MyString subString(int paraPosition, int paraLength) {
        if (paraPosition + paraLength > length) {
            System.out.println("exceed.");
            return null;
        }

        MyString resultMyString = new MyString();
        resultMyString.length = paraLength;
        for (int i = 0; i < paraLength; i++) {
            resultMyString.data[i] = data[paraPosition + i];
        } // Of for i

        return resultMyString;
    } // Of subString

    public String toString() {
        String resultString = "";

        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            resultString += data[i];
        } // Of for i

        return resultString;
    }// Of toString

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyString tempFirstString = new MyString("I like ik.");
        MyString tempSecondString = new MyString("ik");
        int tempPosition = tempFirstString.locate(tempSecondString);
        System.out.println("The position of \"" + tempSecondString + "\" in \"" + tempFirstString
                + "\" is: " + tempPosition);

        MyString tempThirdString = new MyString("ki");
        tempPosition = tempFirstString.locate(tempThirdString);
        System.out.println("The position of \"" + tempThirdString + "\" in \"" + tempFirstString
                + "\" is: " + tempPosition);

        tempThirdString = tempFirstString.subString(1, 2);
        System.out.println("The substring is: \"" + tempThirdString + "\"");

        tempThirdString = tempFirstString.subString(5, 5);
        System.out.println("The substring is: \"" + tempThirdString + "\"");

        tempThirdString = tempFirstString.subString(5, 6);
        System.out.println("The substring is: \"" + tempThirdString + "\"");
    }
}

运行结果：

3. Summarize

今天的学习总的来说理解上没有太大的压力，主要是代码实现上。字符数组的输出和判定对位置的要求格外的严格，所以在写代码的时候每一个数字出错都会造成整个程序结果的错误。而这种错误是编译器无法帮助我们察觉的，所以在写代码的时候需要格外的注意，每一个循环和方法，写数字前都要想好为什么这里要这么写，以及写了之后程序会怎么运行，会运行到哪一步再停下。