Complex

为复数类（Complex）增加重载的运算符-、-=、*=和/=。设++为实部和虚部各自增一，亦请重载前置与后置++运算符。
分别使用成员函数和友元函数各做一遍。并测试。
解：注意后++，返回的是原值，但实部和虚部已各自增一，所以要先保留原值，再++。

这里是使用成员函数:

#include<iostream> 
using namespace std;

class complex
{
private:
	double real;	  //实部
	double imag;      //虚部
public:
	complex(double r = 0.0 ,double i = 0.0 );	//构造函数 
	void print();		                        //显示复数 
	complex operator	+(complex c);	        //重载复数"+" 
	complex operator	-(complex c);	        //重载复数"-" 
	complex operator	*(complex c);	        //重载复数"*" 
	complex operator	/(complex c);	        //重载复数"/" 
	complex operator +=(complex c);	            //重载复数"+=" 
	complex operator -=(complex c);	            //重载复数"-=" 
	complex operator *=(complex c);	            //重载复数"*=" 
	complex operator /=(complex c);	            //重载复数"/="
	complex operator ++();	                    //重载复数前缀"++" 
	complex operator ++(int);	                //重载复数后缀"++"
};

complex::complex(double r,double i)
{
	real = r;
	imag = i;
}

complex complex::operator +(complex c)
{	//重载复数"+" 
	complex temp;
	temp.real=real+c.real;
	temp.imag=imag+c.imag;
	return temp; //返回局部变量，函数声明不可为引用，这时返回了局部变量的地址
}
 

complex complex::operator -(complex c)
{	//重载复数"-"
	complex temp; 
	temp.real=real-c.real; 
	temp.imag=imag-c.imag; 
	return temp;
}

complex complex::operator *(complex c)
{	//重载复数"*" 
	complex temp;
	temp.real=real*c.real-imag*c.imag; 
	temp.imag=real*c.imag+imag*c.real; 
	return temp;
}

complex complex::operator /(complex c)
{	//重载复数"/" 
	complex temp;
	double d;
	d=c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag;
	temp.real=(real*c.real+imag*c.imag)/d;
	temp.imag=(c.real*imag-real*c.imag)/d; 
	return temp;
}
complex complex::operator +=(complex c)
{	//重载复数"+=" 
	complex temp;
	temp.real=real+c.real;
	temp.imag=imag+c.imag; 
	real=temp.real; 
	imag=temp.imag;
	return temp;
}

complex complex::operator -=(complex c)
{	//重载复数"-=" 
	complex temp;
	temp.real=real-c.real; 
	temp.imag=imag-c.imag; 
	real=temp.real; 
	imag=temp.imag;
	return temp;
}

complex complex::operator *=(complex c)
{	//重载复数"*=" 
	complex temp;
	temp.real=real*c.real-imag*c.imag; 
	temp.imag=real*c.imag+imag*c.real; 
	real=temp.real;
	imag=temp.imag;
	return temp;
}
 
complex complex::operator /=(complex c)
{	//重载复数"/="
	complex temp; double d; 
	d=c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag; 
	temp.real=(real*c.real+imag*c.imag)/d;
	temp.imag=(c.real*imag-real*c.imag)/d;
	real=temp.real; 
	imag=temp.imag; 
	return temp;
}

complex complex::operator ++()
{	//重载复数前缀"++" 
	complex temp;
	temp.real=++real; 
	temp.imag=++imag; 
	return temp;
}
complex complex::operator ++(int)
{	//重载复数后缀"++" 
	complex temp(real,imag);
	real++; 
	imag++; 
	return temp;
}

void complex::print()
{	//显示复数
	cout << real; 
	if(imag>=0) cout<<'+'; 
	cout<<imag<<'i'<<endl;
}

int main()
{
	complex A(30,40),B(15,30),C,D;	          //定义4个复数对象 
	cout<<"A为:";A.print(); 
	C=A.operator++(1);                        //即C=A++完整的表达式 
	cout<<"C=A++后，C为："; C.print();
	cout<<"A为：";A.print(); 
	C=A.operator++();                         //即++A 
	cout<<"C=++A后，C为："; C.print(); 
	cout<<"A为："; A.print();
	C=A*B;
	cout<<"C=A*B后，C为:"; C.print();
	A*=B;
	cout<<"A*=B后，A为:"; A.print();
	C=A/B;
	cout<<"C=A/B后，C为:"; C.print(); 
	A/=B;
	cout<<"A/=B后，A为: ";A.print();
	cout<<"B为："; B.print();
	D=A+B+C; 
	cout<<"D=A+B+C后，D为："; D.print(); 
	A+=B+=C; 
	cout<<"A+=B+=C后，A为："; A.print(); 
	cout<<"B为："; B.print();
	D=A-B-C;
	cout<<"D=A-B-C后，D为："; D.print(); 
	A-=B+=C;
	cout<<"A-=B+=C后，A为："; A.print();
	cout<<"B为："; B.print(); 
	A=B;
	cout<<"A=B后，A为："; A.print(); 
	D=A*B*C; 
	cout<<"D=A*B*C后，D为："; D.print(); 
	D=D/B/C;
	cout<<"D=D/B/C后，D为："; D.print(); 
	A*=B*=C;
	cout<<"A*=B*=C后，A为:"; A.print(); 
	A/=B/=C/=C; 
	cout<<"A/=B/=C/=C后，A为:"; A.print(); 
	return 0;
}