SpringBoot 使用RabbitMQ 做延时队列
一、前言
延迟队列的使用场景:1.未按时支付的订单,30分钟过期之后取消订单;2.给活跃度比较低的用户间隔N天之后推送消息,提高活跃度;3.过1分钟给新注册会员的用户,发送注册邮件等。
实现延迟队列的方式有两种:
通过消息过期后进入死信交换器,再由交换器转发到延迟消费队列,实现延迟功能;
使用rabbitmq-delayed-message-exchange插件实现延迟功能;
注意: 延迟插件rabbitmq-delayed-message-exchange是在RabbitMQ 3.5.7及以上的版本才支持的,依赖Erlang/OPT 18.0及以上运行环境。
2.下载并安装erlang和RabbitMQ
- erlang下载地址: http://www.erlang.org/downloads.
- RabbitMQ下载地址: http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html.
三、代码实现
增加amqp依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
修改application.yml文件,配置rabbitmq,并且开启消息的手动应答
spring:
rabbitmq:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
listener:
direct:
acknowledge-mode: MANUAL
simple:
acknowledge-mode: MANUAL
配置队列,路由,交换机
package cn.rongyuan.config;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* @title rabbitmq配置类
* @author zengzp
* @time 2018年8月20日 上午10:46:43
* @Description
*/
@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {
// 支付超时延时交换机
public static final String Delay_Exchange_Name = "delay.exchange";
// 超时订单关闭队列
public static final String Timeout_Trade_Queue_Name = "close_trade";
@Bean
public Queue delayPayQueue() {
return new Queue(RabbitConfig.Timeout_Trade_Queue_Name, true);
}
// 定义广播模式的延时交换机 无需绑定路由
@Bean
FanoutExchange delayExchange(){
Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<String, Object>();
args.put("x-delayed-type", "direct");
FanoutExchange topicExchange = new FanoutExchange(RabbitConfig.Delay_Exchange_Name, true, false, args);
topicExchange.setDelayed(true);
return topicExchange;
}
// 绑定延时队列与交换机
@Bean
public Binding delayPayBind() {
return BindingBuilder.bind(delayPayQueue()).to(delayExchange());
}
// 定义消息转换器
@Bean
Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jsonMessageConverter() {
return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
}
// 定义消息模板用于发布消息,并且设置其消息转换器
@Bean
RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(final ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
rabbitTemplate.setMessageConverter(jsonMessageConverter());
return rabbitTemplate;
}
@Bean
RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(final ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
return new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
}
}
在提交订单时发布消息至延时队列并且指定延时时长
@Autowired
RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
// 通过广播模式发布延时消息 延时30分钟 持久化消息 消费后销毁 这里无需指定路由,会广播至每个绑定此交换机的队列
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.Delay_Exchange_Name, "", trade.getTradeCode(), message ->{
message.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT);
message.getMessageProperties().setDelay(30 * (60*1000)); // 毫秒为单位,指定此消息的延时时长
return message;
});
消费端监听延时队列
package cn.rongyuan.mq.consumer;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import cn.rongyuan.config.RabbitConfig;
import cn.rongyuan.service.TradeService;
import cn.rongyuan.util.ExceptionUtil;
/**
* @title 消息消费端
* @author zengzp
* @time 2018年8月20日 上午11:00:26
* @Description
*/
@Component
public class PayTimeOutConsumer {
@Autowired
TradeService tradeService;
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@RabbitListener(queues = RabbitConfig.Timeout_Trade_Queue_Name)
public void process(String tradeCode, Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException{
try {
logger.info("开始执行订单[{}]的支付超时订单关闭......", tradeCode);
tradeService.cancelTrade(tradeCode);
channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
logger.info("超时订单处理完毕");
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("超时订单处理失败:{}", ExceptionUtil.getMessage(e));
channel.basicReject(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}
参考资料:
1.windows安装rabbitmq安装详细步骤:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37034294/article/details/82839494
2.安装RabbitMQ电脑用户中文命名导致启动不了服务解决方案:https://blog.csdn.net/leoma2012/article/details/97636859