Java多线程 生产者-消费者问题示例

奶箱：相当于缓冲区，容量有限，生产者放入牛奶，消费者拿走牛奶
生产者：实现 Runnable 接口，箱子内有牛奶就取出，没有就等着
消费者：实现 Runnable 接口，箱子还有剩余空间就往里放牛奶，箱子满了就等着

奶箱类

public class Box {
    private int count = 0; //当前奶箱内奶瓶数量
    private int max = 5; //奶箱大小

    public synchronized void put(int milk) { //想放milk瓶牛奶
        System.out.println("想放" + milk);
        if (count == max) { //奶箱已满，放不了，等人取
            try {
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if (count + milk > max) {   //箱内数量+想放数量 > 箱子容量，能放几瓶就放几瓶
            System.out.println("放入" + (max - count));
            count = max;
        } else {    //想放数量 > 剩余容量
            this.count += milk;
            System.out.println("放入" + milk);
        }
        System.out.println("还剩余" + count);
        notifyAll();
    }

    public synchronized void get(int milk) { //想取milk瓶牛奶
        System.out.println("想取" + milk);
        if (count == 0) {   //箱子内无牛奶，只能等
            try {
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if (milk > count) { //想取的数量 > 箱子内数量，能拿几瓶拿几瓶
            count = 0;
            System.out.println("取出" + count);
        } else {    //箱子内数量 > 想取的数量
            count -= milk;
            System.out.println("取出" + milk);
        }
        System.out.println("还剩余" + count);
        notifyAll();
    }
}

生产者（送奶工）

public class Producer implements Runnable { //送奶工
    private Box b = null;

    public Producer(Box b) {
        this.b = b;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true) {
            //随机生成想放的数量
            Random random = new Random();
            b.put(random.nextInt(5) + 1);
            //休息一下
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

消费者

public class Costomer implements Runnable { //消费者
    private Box b = null;

    public Costomer(Box b) {
        this.b = b;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true) {
            //随机生成想取的梳理
            Random random = new Random();
            b.get(random.nextInt(5) + 1);
            //休息一下
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

测试类

public class BoxTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Box b = new Box();
        Producer p = new Producer(b);
        Costomer c = new Costomer(b);
        Thread t1 = new Thread(p);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(c);
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }
}