centos7安装k8s1.23.6

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已于 2023-07-24 17:25:41 修改

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分类专栏： K8S论文实验文章标签： kubernetes php 容器

于 2023-07-24 17:15:56 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43591361/article/details/131887951

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1、准备三台主机，安装centos7

192.168.1.211 k8s-master
192.168.1.212 k8s-node1
192.168.1.213 k8s-node2

注意centos7在安装的时候默认是不打开网络的，所以需要先设置网络

vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens192

TYPE="Ethernet"
PROXY_METHOD="none"
BROWSER_ONLY="no"
BOOTPROTO="static"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"
NAME="ens192"
UUID="b31efbd7-8a69-45fa-a8f1-220cc4dd0511"
DEVICE="ens192"
ONBOOT="yes"

IPADDR=192.168.1.211
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
DNS1=114.114.114.114
DNS2=8.8.8.8

其中需要将BOOTPROTO="static"设置为静态，然后将ONBOOT="yes"设置为yes，意思是打开网络。最后在下方设置网络ip等信息。
设置完成后重启网络

service network restart

对于其他两个节点，我们可以先把这个文件传过去，然后只需要修改一个IP就行了

[root@localhost network-scripts]# scp ifcfg-ens192 root@192.168.1.107:/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
root@192.168.1.107's password:
ifcfg-ens192                                                                        100%  412   439.2KB/s   00:00

然后还要开启SSH，三个节点的操作也是一样的

yum install openssh-server
vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

1、需要把Port 22前面的注释去了，表示开启sshd的服务端口
2、需要设置PermitRootLogin no/yes,如果允许使用root登陆则设为yes,否则为no
3、需要设置PasswordAuthentication no/yes，no为不允许使用密码登陆，yes为允许使用密码登陆，一般如果用自己账户登录都用密码，所以这一项最好设为yes，否则会导致window中能ping通linux系统，但是ssh连接不上。

systemctl restart sshd.service

二、关闭防火墙和内存交换

关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
关闭selinux
sed -i s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/ /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
getenforce
# 永久禁用，打开/etc/fstab注释掉swap那一行。
sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab

三、配置ipv4和ipv6的转发

vim /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1                        # 其值为0,说明禁止进行IP转发；如果是1,则说明IP转发功能已经打开。 
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1        # 是否在ip6tables链中过滤IPv6包 　
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1　　　　　# 二层的网桥在转发包时也会被iptables的FORWARD规则所过滤，这样有时会出现L3层的iptables rules去过滤L2的帧的问题

sysctl -p                                       #使配置生效

四、时间同步

 yum install ntpdate -y
 ntpdate time.windows.com

五、安装docker

yum install -y yum-utils
yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install docker-ce-20.10.7-3.el7 docker-ce-cli-20.10.7-3.el7
 containerd.io docker-compose-plugin
启动docker
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
测试docker是否正常运行
docker run hello-world

需要对docker的配置做一些修改，对/etc/docker/daemon.json文件中的cgroupdriver改成systemd。最后保存重启即可（没有这个文件，就在对应路径里创建即可）。

sudo cat <<EOF | /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2"
}
EOF

#然后执行
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

如果要重新安装docker的话，可以顺序执行下列步骤

sudo docker stop $(docker ps -aq) 
sudo docker rm $(docker ps -aq)  
sudo docker rmi $(docker images -q) 
sudo yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io 
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker 


sudo docker stop $(docker ps -aq)  #停止所有运行的容器
sudo docker rm $(docker ps -aq)  #删除所有容器
sudo docker rmi $(docker images -q) #删除所有镜像
sudo yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io #载 Docker 引擎
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker #删除 Docker 数据目录



# 六、配置yum源

```bash
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

七、安装kubeadm

# 添加yum源
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
# 安装kubeadm、kubectl、kubelet
yum install -y kubeadm-1.23.6-0 kubectl-1.23.6-0 kubelet-1.23.6-0 --disableexcludes=kubernetes

八、锁定版本

# 安装
yum install -y yum-plugin-versionlock
# 锁定软件包
yum versionlock add kubeadm kubectl kubelet
# 查看锁定列表
yum versionlock list

yum install -y yum-plugin-versionlock
yum versionlock add kubeadm kubectl kubelet
yum versionlock list

kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.1.121 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version v1.23.6 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16


# 九、初始化

```bash
[root@k8s-master manifests]# kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.1.211 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.23.6 --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.23.6
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 192.168.1.211]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.1.211 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.1.211 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 9.005001 seconds
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.23" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
NOTE: The "kubelet-config-1.23" naming of the kubelet ConfigMap is deprecated. Once the UnversionedKubeletConfigMap feature gate graduates to Beta the default name will become just "kubelet-config". Kubeadm upgrade will handle this transition transparently.
[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master as control-plane by adding the labels: [node-role.kubernetes.io/master(deprecated) node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane node.kubernetes.io/exclude-from-external-load-balancers]
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: 1i7jsl.y0nkiyyc0fzf6noz
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to get nodes
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.1.211:6443 --token 1i7jsl.y0nkiyyc0fzf6noz \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:c246475ad57fe68d1b38a1d2dd7ded82b5fd7ecd0f7d41670a4fdd703170be0b

[root@k8s-master manifests]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@k8s-master manifests]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master manifests]# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master manifests]# kubectl get nodes
NAME         STATUS     ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
k8s-master   NotReady   control-plane,master   91m   v1.23.6
[root@k8s-master manifests]#

十、其余节点接入集群

现在master中拿到密钥

[root@k8s-master manifests]# kubeadm token create --print-join-command
kubeadm join 192.168.1.211:6443 --token 7h15yx.zk2qov4zfzxnk767 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:c246475ad57fe68d1b38a1d2dd7ded82b5fd7ecd0f7d41670a4fdd703170be0b

在node节点中执行，但是发现不能正常使用kubectl

[root@k8s-node2 hjw]# kubeadm join 192.168.1.211:6443 --token 7h15yx.zk2qov4zfzxnk767 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:c246475ad57fe68d1b38a1d2dd7ded82b5fd7ecd0f7d41670a4fdd703170be0b
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -o yaml'
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...

This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.

Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.
[root@k8s-node1 hjw]# kubectl get nodes
The connection to the server localhost:8080 was refused - did you specify the right host or port?

[root@k8s-master manifests]# kubectl get nodes
NAME         STATUS     ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
k8s-master   NotReady   control-plane,master   3h10m   v1.23.6
k8s-node1    NotReady   <none>                 6m10s   v1.23.6
[root@k8s-master manifests]# kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                                 READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   coredns-6d8c4cb4d-ttmjb              0/1     Pending   0          3h14m
kube-system   coredns-6d8c4cb4d-vxfzh              0/1     Pending   0          3h14m
kube-system   etcd-k8s-master                      1/1     Running   0          3h15m
kube-system   kube-apiserver-k8s-master            1/1     Running   0          3h15m
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-k8s-master   1/1     Running   4          3h15m
kube-system   kube-proxy-7zckm                     1/1     Running   0          3h14m
kube-system   kube-proxy-p99tz                     1/1     Running   1          10m
kube-system   kube-proxy-tj5xp                     1/1     Running   0          69s
kube-system   kube-scheduler-k8s-master            1/1     Running   4          3h15m
[root@k8s-master manifests]# cd /opt
[root@k8s-master opt]# mkdir k8s
[root@k8s-master opt]# ls
cni  containerd  k8s  rh
[root@k8s-master opt]# cd k8s
[root@k8s-master k8s]# curl https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml -o
curl: option -o: requires parameter
curl: try 'curl --help' or 'curl --manual' for more information
[root@k8s-master k8s]# curl https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml -O
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100    73  100    73    0     0     38      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--    38
[root@k8s-master k8s]# vim calico.yaml
[root@k8s-master k8s]# ls
calico.yaml
[root@k8s-master k8s]# rm -f ac
[root@k8s-master k8s]# rm -f calico.yaml
[root@k8s-master k8s]# ls
[root@k8s-master k8s]# curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectcalico/calico/v3.26.0/manifests/calico.yaml -O
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  238k  100  238k    0     0   265k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  264k
[root@k8s-master k8s]# ls
calico.yaml
[root@k8s-master k8s]# vim calico.yaml

在vim中使用ESC+/输入 CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR
改成下面这样
在这里插入图片描述
value是自己初始化集群的时候设置的–pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

[root@k8s-master k8s]# grep image calico.yaml
          image: docker.io/calico/cni:v3.26.0
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          image: docker.io/calico/cni:v3.26.0
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          image: docker.io/calico/node:v3.26.0
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          image: docker.io/calico/node:v3.26.0
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          image: docker.io/calico/kube-controllers:v3.26.0
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
[root@k8s-master k8s]# ls
calico.yaml
[root@k8s-master k8s]# kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
poddisruptionbudget.policy/calico-kube-controllers created
serviceaccount/calico-kube-controllers created
serviceaccount/calico-node created
serviceaccount/calico-cni-plugin created
configmap/calico-config created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/bgpconfigurations.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/bgpfilters.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/bgppeers.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/blockaffinities.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/caliconodestatuses.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/clusterinformations.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/felixconfigurations.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/globalnetworkpolicies.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/globalnetworksets.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/hostendpoints.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipamblocks.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipamconfigs.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipamhandles.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ippools.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipreservations.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/kubecontrollersconfigurations.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/networkpolicies.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/networksets.crd.projectcalico.org created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-kube-controllers created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-node created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-cni-plugin created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-kube-controllers created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-node created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-cni-plugin created
daemonset.apps/calico-node created
deployment.apps/calico-kube-controllers created
[root@k8s-master k8s]# kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                                      READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   calico-kube-controllers-6bbd6cfcf-85rwt   1/1     Running   0          2m23s
kube-system   calico-node-fp6vf                         1/1     Running   0          2m24s
kube-system   calico-node-pqf8v                         1/1     Running   0          2m24s
kube-system   calico-node-vnxpw                         1/1     Running   0          2m24s
kube-system   coredns-6d8c4cb4d-ttmjb                   1/1     Running   0          3h29m
kube-system   coredns-6d8c4cb4d-vxfzh                   1/1     Running   0          3h29m
kube-system   etcd-k8s-master                           1/1     Running   0          3h29m
kube-system   kube-apiserver-k8s-master                 1/1     Running   0          3h29m
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-k8s-master        1/1     Running   4          3h29m
kube-system   kube-proxy-7zckm                          1/1     Running   0          3h29m
kube-system   kube-proxy-p99tz                          1/1     Running   1          25m
kube-system   kube-proxy-tj5xp                          1/1     Running   0          15m
kube-system   kube-scheduler-k8s-master                 1/1     Running   4          3h29m
[root@k8s-master k8s]# kubectl get nodes
NAME         STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
k8s-master   Ready    control-plane,master   3h29m   v1.23.6
k8s-node1    Ready    <none>                 25m     v1.23.6
k8s-node2    Ready    <none>                 15m     v1.23.6
[root@k8s-master k8s]#

master给其他主机发conf文件

[root@k8s-master k8s]# scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@192.168.1.212:/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.212 (192.168.1.212)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:pPOL4lATDuhAGCQcPRxBdd2H3lmsRWWTAX7TPMLWLJo.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:99:20:40:64:2a:23:b1:fc:f0:7c:72:70:94:24:a8:6d.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.212' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.1.212's password:
admin.conf                                                                                                                             100% 5637     4.0MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master k8s]# scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@192.168.1.213:/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.213 (192.168.1.213)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:coToV4GIqzpEzwEraBaXSscAUjgPFxrm3xyCBfIbNF8.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:cb:d7:4a:b4:87:54:b0:88:78:17:f4:d8:28:c3:3e:99.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.213' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.1.213's password:
admin.conf                                                                                                                             100% 5637   839.6KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master k8s]#

在其他节点上添加进环境变量

[root@k8s-node2 hjw]# echo "export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" >> ~/.bash_profile
[root@k8s-node2 hjw]# source ~/.bash_profile
[root@k8s-node2 hjw]# kubectl get nodes
NAME         STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
k8s-master   Ready    control-plane,master   3h48m   v1.23.6
k8s-node1    Ready    <none>                 43m     v1.23.6
k8s-node2    Ready    <none>                 33m     v1.23.6
[root@k8s-node2 hjw]#

然后就正常了

Hjwnb

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centos7安装k8s1.23.6

注意centos7在安装的时候默认是不打开网络的，所以需要先设置网络其中需要将BOOTPROTO="static"设置为静态，然后将ONBOOT="yes"设置为yes，意思是打开网络。最后在下方设置网络ip等信息。设置完成后重启网络对于其他两个节点，我们可以先把这个文件传过去，然后只需要修改一个IP就行了然后还要开启SSH，三个节点的操作也是一样的1、需要把前面的注释去了，表示开启sshd的服务端口2、需要设置3、需要设置。
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