JDK动态代理

反射

反射指计算机程序在运行时（runtime）可以访问、检测和修改它本身状态或行为的一种能力。[1]用比喻来说，反射就是程序在运行的时候能够“观察”并且修改自己的行为。 —来自《维基百科》
在java 中，我们能够观察和修改的内容，大致可以分成三类：类(Class)、方法(Method)、参数(args)

Method method;

// 用于结合理解InvocationHandler
method.invoke(Class, args);

JDK动态代理

接口：InvocationHandler

// 接口内容：仅声明了一个invoke方法。
// 方法签名中存在三个参数，第二三个对应反射中所提到的：方法，参数
public interface InvocationHandler {
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
        throws Throwable;
}

类：Proxy

public class Proxy implements java.io.Serializable {
	protected InvocationHandler h;

	// interfaces：指定了需要代理的方法
	// h：赋值给成员变量h
	public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader,
	                                          Class<?>[] interfaces,
	                                          InvocationHandler h) {
	                                          ...
	}

}

示例

public interface Age {
    void age(Integer age);
}

public interface Animal {
    void type();

    void sex(String sex);
}

public class Dog implements Animal, Age{

    public void type() {
        System.out.println("type Dog");
    }

    public void age(Integer age) {

    }

    public void sex(String sex) {

    }
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //用于在本地生成代理类文件，我使用的是jdk 11
        System.setProperty("jdk.proxy.ProxyGenerator.saveGeneratedFiles", "true");

        // 被代理对象
        Dog target = new Dog();
        
        InvocationHandler invocationHandler = new InvocationHandler() {
            @Override
            public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
                System.out.println("执行前");
                
                // 反射，调用被代理方法
                method.invoke(target, args)；
                
                System.out.println("执行后");
                return null;
            }
        };

        Animal proxyInstance = (Animal) Proxy.newProxyInstance(Dog.class.getClassLoader(), Dog.class.getInterfaces(), invocationHandler);
        proxyInstance.type();
    }
}

动态生成的代理类代码片段

public final class $Proxy0 extends Proxy implements Animal, Age {
    private static Method m1;
    private static Method m5;
    private static Method m4;
    private static Method m3;
    private static Method m2;
    private static Method m0;

    public $Proxy0(InvocationHandler var1) throws  {
        super(var1);
    }

    public final boolean equals(Object var1) throws  {
        try {
            return (Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[]{var1});
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
            throw var3;
        } catch (Throwable var4) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
        }
    }

    public final void age(Integer var1) throws  {
        try {
            super.h.invoke(this, m5, new Object[]{var1});
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
            throw var3;
        } catch (Throwable var4) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
        }
    }

    public final void type() throws  {
        try {
            super.h.invoke(this, m4, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    public final void sex(String var1) throws  {
        try {
            super.h.invoke(this, m3, new Object[]{var1});
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
            throw var3;
        } catch (Throwable var4) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
        }
    }

    public final String toString() throws  {
        try {
            return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    public final int hashCode() throws  {
        try {
            return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    static {
        try {
            m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", Class.forName("java.lang.Object"));
            m5 = Class.forName("com.yra.c03.ioc.container.overview.dependency.lookup.myproxy.Age").getMethod("age", Class.forName("java.lang.Integer"));
            m4 = Class.forName("com.yra.c03.ioc.container.overview.dependency.lookup.myproxy.Animal").getMethod("type");
            m3 = Class.forName("com.yra.c03.ioc.container.overview.dependency.lookup.myproxy.Animal").getMethod("sex", Class.forName("java.lang.String"));
            m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString");
            m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode");
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException var2) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodError(var2.getMessage());
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException var3) {
            throw new NoClassDefFoundError(var3.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

每个方法中，都调用了如下语句来实现代理：super.h.invoke(this, m5, new Object[]{var1});
h.invok(…) 是 m5 方法的代理。