当我们在开发API时,接口的版本管理是一个比较重要的话题。虽然Swagger是一个广泛使用的API文档工具,可以轻松地生成API文档和与之对应的Swagger UI,但是随着我们项目的迭代更新,接口数量将不断增加,导致我们很难记得每个版本中都包含哪些接口。因此,本文将介绍如何借助Swagger实现接口的版本管理,以便更好地管理和使用接口,提高开发效率。
一、maven依赖
这里我们引入2.9.2版本,在引入的时候排除swagger-annotations、swagger-models依赖重新引入1.5.21版本来解决当我们访问swagger页面的时候程序控制台报错的问题,完整pom依赖如下
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency><dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.73</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.swagger</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-annotations</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.swagger</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-models</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.swagger</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-annotations</artifactId>
<version>1.5.21</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.swagger</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-models</artifactId>
<version>1.5.21</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-bootstrap-ui</artifactId>
<version>1.9.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
二、application.yml文件配置
我们在配置文件中配置需要生成哪些版本的接口,这里生成v1.0、v2.0、v3.0三个版本
swagger:
open: true
version: v1.0,v2.0,v3.0
三、程序配置
1.新建版本标记注解
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface ApiVersion {
/**
* 接口版本号
* @return
*/
String[] group();
}
2.添加SwaggerConfig配置类
import com.google.common.base.Predicate;
import com.google.common.base.Predicates;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.RequestHandler;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig{
private final ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext;
private final List<String> versions;
@Autowired
public SwaggerConfig(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext, @Value("${swagger.version}") List<String> versions){
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
this.versions = versions;
}
/**
* 默认分组default
* @return
*/
@Bean
public Docket createRestApi() {
// 创建版本信息
createVersions();
// 配置Docket实例
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.apiInfo(apiInfo())
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.withMethodAnnotation(ApiOperation.class))
.paths(PathSelectors.any())
.build();
}
/**
* 创建各个版本的Docket实例并注册到Spring容器中
*/
private void createVersions() {
for (String version : versions) {
// 创建当前版本的Docket实例
Docket docket = apiDocket(version);
// 将Docket实例注册到Spring容器中,使用Docket名称作为bean名称
applicationContext.getBeanFactory().registerSingleton(docket.toString(), docket);
}
}
/**
* 使用指定的版本号创建Docket实例
* @param version 版本号
* @return Docket实例
*/
private Docket apiDocket(String version) {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.apiInfo(apiInfo())
.groupName(version)
.select()
.apis(withVersion(version))
.paths(PathSelectors.any())
.build();
}
/**
* 创建谓词,用于判断Controller是否匹配当前版本
* @param version 版本号
* @return 谓词
*/
private Predicate<RequestHandler> withVersion(String version) {
return Predicates.and(
// 包含@Api注解的类
RequestHandlerSelectors.withClassAnnotation(Api.class),
// 包含@ApiOperation注解的方法
RequestHandlerSelectors.withMethodAnnotation(ApiOperation.class),
// 版本号匹配
handler -> versionMatches(handler, version)
);
}
/**
* 判断指定的Controller方法是否匹配版本号
* @param handler Controller方法
* @param version 版本号
* @return 是否匹配版本号
*/
private boolean versionMatches(RequestHandler handler, String version) {
ApiVersion apiVersion = handler.getHandlerMethod().getMethodAnnotation(ApiVersion.class);
return apiVersion != null && Arrays.asList(apiVersion.group()).contains(version);
}
/**
* 创建ApiInfo对象,用于配置Swagger页面信息
* @return ApiInfo对象
*/
private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
Contact contact = new Contact("作者", "", "**********@qq.com");
return new ApiInfo(
"XXX系统接口",
"包含系统内所有可用接口说明",
"v1.0",
"",
contact,
"",
"",
new ArrayList<>()
);
}
}
3.在我们的接口中标记属于哪个版本
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/product")
@Api(tags = "(Product)")
public class ProductController {
/**
* 服务对象
*/
@Resource(name = "productService")
private ProductService productService;
/**
* 分页查询数据
*
* @return 实例对象集合
*/
@ApiVersion(group = {"v1.0","v2.0"})
@ApiOperation(value = "分页查询数据")
@GetMapping("/page/{pageNum}/{pageSize}")
public ResponseEntity<List> queryByPage(@ApiParam(name = "pageNum", value = "当前页") @PathVariable(name = "pageNum") int pageNum, @ApiParam(name = "pageSize", value = "每页条数") @PathVariable(name = "pageSize") int pageSize) {
return ResponseEntity.ok(new ArrayList());
}
/**
* 通过主键查询单条数据
*
* @param id 主键
* @return 单条数据
*/
@ApiVersion(group = {"v1.0","v3.0"})
@ApiOperation(value = "通过id主键查询单条数据")
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public ResponseEntity<ProductVO> selectByPrimaryKey(@ApiParam(name = "id", value = "id主键") @PathVariable(name = "id") Integer id) {
return ResponseEntity.ok(new ProductVO());
}
/**
* 新增单条数据
*
* @param product 实体
* @return 新增结果
*/
@ApiVersion(group = {"v3.0"})
@ApiOperation(value = "新增单条数据")
@PostMapping
public ResponseEntity<Integer> insertSelective(@ApiParam(name = "product", value = "对象") @RequestBody ProductQuery product) {
return ResponseEntity.ok(1);
}
}
4.浏览器访问swagger页面,
default分组包含所有的接口
v1.0版本含有两个接口
v2.0版本含有一个接口
v3.0含有两个接口