Gin(四) 基本路由和路由组

Gin 路由

1. 基本路由

• gin 框架采用的路由库是基于 httprouter做的
• 其基本原理就是构造一个路由地址的前缀树。

r.GET("/index", func(c *gin.Context) {...})
r.GET("/login", func(c *gin.Context) {...})
r.POST("/login", func(c *gin.Context) {...})

Any 匹配所有请求

r.Any("/test", func(c *gin.Context) {...})

//源码
// Any registers a route that matches all the HTTP methods.
// GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, HEAD, OPTIONS, DELETE, CONNECT, TRACE.
func (group *RouterGroup) Any(relativePath string, handlers ...HandlerFunc) IRoutes {
	group.handle(http.MethodGet, relativePath, handlers)
	group.handle(http.MethodPost, relativePath, handlers)
	group.handle(http.MethodPut, relativePath, handlers)
	group.handle(http.MethodPatch, relativePath, handlers)
	group.handle(http.MethodHead, relativePath, handlers)
	group.handle(http.MethodOptions, relativePath, handlers)
	group.handle(http.MethodDelete, relativePath, handlers)
	group.handle(http.MethodConnect, relativePath, handlers)
	group.handle(http.MethodTrace, relativePath, handlers)
	return group.returnObj()
}

为不匹配的路由设置处理函数，默认情况下它返回404代码

r.NoRoute(func(ctx *gin.Context) {...})

// 源码
// NoRoute adds handlers for NoRoute. It return a 404 code by default.
func (engine *Engine) NoRoute(handlers ...HandlerFunc) {
    engine.noRoute = handlers
    engine.rebuild404Handlers()
}

2.路由组

为了管理具有相同前缀的URL, 将拥有URL共同前缀的路由划分为一组

为了代码的阅读性，使用{}包裹相同组的路由不用{}包裹并不影响效果

package main

import (
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"net/http"
)

/**
    路由组:
     将拥有URL共同前缀的路由划分为一组, 为了代码的阅读性，使用{}包裹相同组的路由不用{}包裹并不影响效果
 */
func main() {

	// 创建路由
	r := gin.Default()

	// 绑定路由规则
	userGroup := r.Group("/user") 
	{
		// /user/home
		userGroup.GET("/home", func(ctx *gin.Context) {
			ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK,  "/user/home")
		})
		// /user/login
		userGroup.GET("/login", func(ctx *gin.Context) {
			ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, "/user/login")
		})
	}

	// 绑定路由规则
	shopGroup := r.Group("/shop")
	{
		// /shop/info
		shopGroup.GET("/info", func(ctx *gin.Context) {
			ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK,  "/shop/info")
		})
		// /shop/cart
		shopGroup.GET("/cart", func(ctx *gin.Context) {
			ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, "/shop/cart")
		})
	}

	// 监听端口
	r.Run(":9000")
}

3. 路由组嵌套

// 绑定路由规则
shopGroup := r.Group("/shop")
{
    // shop/book
    shopBookGroup := shopGroup.Group("/book")

    // shop/book/info
    shopBookGroup.GET("/info", func(ctx *gin.Context) {
        ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, "shop/book/info")
    })
}