python中的快慢指针法去除整数列表中的重复元素或者特定元素

去除非重复元素

给定下列的整数列表 nums：

nums = [4, 9, 1, 4, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 7, 8, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8]
# 非重复元素 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

第一种方法：

nums = [4, 9, 1, 4, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 7, 8, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8]
num = []
for i in nums:
    if i not in num:
        num.append(i)
print(num)
# 返回：[4, 9, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 8, 0]

第二种方法：

nums = [4, 9, 1, 4, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 7, 8, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8]
num = list(set(nums))
print(num)
# 返回：[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

第三种（快慢指针法）：差一点，只在修改原数据的基础上提取

nums = [4, 9, 1, 4, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 7, 8, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8]
nums.sort()
low = 0
fast = 0
while True:
    fast += 1

    if fast > len(nums)-1:
        break
    
    if nums[fast] != nums[fast-1]:
        low += 1
        nums[low] = nums[fast]

print(nums[:low+1])
# 返回：[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

第四种（快慢指针法）：

nums = [4, 9, 1, 4, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 7, 8, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8]
nums.sort()
low = 1
fast = 1

while fast < len(nums):
    if nums[fast] != nums[fast-1]:
        nums[low] = nums[fast]
        low += 1
    fast += 1

print(nums[:low])
# 返回：[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

去除特定的元素

nums = [4, 9, 1, 4, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 7, 8, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8]
target = 4
low =  0
fast = 0

while fast < len(nums):
    if nums[fast] != target:
        nums[low] = nums[fast]
        low += 1
    fast += 1

print(nums[:low])
# 返回：[9, 1, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 7, 8, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8]