SpringMVC执行流程剖析

SpringMVC执行流程

流程中的几个关键点:

	DispatcherServlet中重写的doService()
	doService()中调用的doDispatch()
	doDispatch()中调用的getHandler()获取HandlerExecutionChain处理器请求链
	doDispatch()中调用的getHandlerAdapter()获取处理器适配器
	doDispatch()中调用的handle()接口的实现类中的handle()方法执行我们的Controller.
	doDispatch()中调用的processDispatchResult()处理结果集
	processDispatchResult()中调用的render()方法中调用的resolveViewName()方法返回View对象
	View对象中的render()接口的实现类AbstractView()
	AbstractView()类中的render()中的renderMergedOutputModel()抽象类
	renderMergedOutputModel()抽象类的子类InternalResourceView()

流程图:

分析

第1步骤:
浏览器发送请求,请求到达DispactcherServiet类中的doService方法.

	@Override
	protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		logRequest(request);

		// Keep a snapshot of the request attributes in case of an include,
		// to be able to restore the original attributes after the include.
		Map<String, Object> attributesSnapshot = null;
		if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) {
			attributesSnapshot = new HashMap<>();
			Enumeration<?> attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();
			while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
				String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement();
				if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith(DEFAULT_STRATEGIES_PREFIX)) {
					attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName));
				}
			}
		}

		// Make framework objects available to handlers and view objects.
		request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext());
		request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
		request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
		request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource());

		if (this.flashMapManager != null) {
			FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response);
			if (inputFlashMap != null) {
				request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap));
			}
			request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap());
			request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager);
		}

		try {
			doDispatch(request, response);
		}
		finally {
			if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
				// Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
				if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
					restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
				}
			}
		}
	}

第2.3步骤:
doDispatch()方法查找处理器映射器,处理器映射器会根据用户请求找到对应的处理器并返回处理器执行链HandlerExecutionChain.

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
		HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
		boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;

		WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

		try {
			ModelAndView mv = null;
			Exception dispatchException = null;

			try {
				processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
				multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);

				// Determine handler for the current request.
2.3步骤---------------->>//获得处理器执行链HandlerExecutionChain
				mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
				if (mappedHandler == null) {
					noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
					return;
				}

				// Determine handler adapter for the current request.
4步骤---------------->>//获得处理器适配器getHandlerAdapter,并且把handler传下去
				HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

				// Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
				String method = request.getMethod();
				//拿到请求方式
				boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
				if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
					long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
					if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
						return;
					}
				}
		------>>//调用拦截器入口
				if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
					return;
				}

				// Actually invoke the handler.
5.6步骤---------->>//调用handler返回modelAndView对象
				mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

				if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
					return;
				}

				applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
			------>>//拦截器出口
				mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
			}
			catch (Exception ex) {
				dispatchException = ex;
			}
			catch (Throwable err) {
				// As of 4.3, we're processing Errors thrown from handler methods as well,
				// making them available for @ExceptionHandler methods and other scenarios.
				dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", err);
			}
---------->//处理结果集,视图解析器在这儿
			processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
		}
		catch (Throwable err) {
			triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler,
					new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err));
		}
		finally {
			if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
				// Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
				if (mappedHandler != null) {
					mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
				}
			}
			else {
				// Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
				if (multipartRequestParsed) {
					cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	@Nullable
	protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		if (this.handlerMappings != null) {
			for (HandlerMapping mapping : this.handlerMappings) {
				HandlerExecutionChain handler = mapping.getHandler(request);
				if (handler != null) {
					return handler;
				}
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

遍历HandlerMapping处理器映射器返回HandlerExecutionChain.
我们看HandlerExcutionChain类中包含Handler即Controller和HandlerInterceptor数组即拦截器.

@Nullable
	private HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors;

	@Nullable
	private List<HandlerInterceptor> interceptorList;

第4步:

获取处理器适配器,遍历适配器,找到合适的适配器HandlerAdapter并返回.

	protected HandlerAdapter getHandlerAdapter(Object handler) throws ServletException {
		if (this.handlerAdapters != null) {
			for (HandlerAdapter adapter : this.handlerAdapters) {
				if (adapter.supports(handler)) {
					return adapter;
				}
			}
		}
		throw new ServletException("No adapter for handler [" + handler +
				"]: The DispatcherServlet configuration needs to include a HandlerAdapter that supports this handler");
	}

第5.6.7步:

5.6步骤---------->>//调用handler返回modelAndView对象
mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

Handler是一个接口,一共有四个实现类.不同的请求用的HandlerAdapter不同.
以SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter为例子.

public class SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter implements HandlerAdapter {
	@Override
	public boolean supports(Object handler) {
		return (handler instanceof Controller);
	}
	@Override
	@Nullable
	public ModelAndView handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
			throws Exception {
			--->>//执行handlerRequest方法返回ModelAndView对象.
		return ((Controller) handler).handleRequest(request, response);
	}
	@Override
	public long getLastModified(HttpServletRequest request, Object handler) {
		if (handler instanceof LastModified) {
			return ((LastModified) handler).getLastModified(request);
		}
		return -1L;
	}
}

第8.9.10步骤

	protected void render(ModelAndView mv, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		// Determine locale for request and apply it to the response.
		Locale locale =
				(this.localeResolver != null ? this.localeResolver.resolveLocale(request) : request.getLocale());
		response.setLocale(locale);

		View view;
		String viewName = mv.getViewName();
		if (viewName != null) {
			// We need to resolve the view name.
第9步--------->//返回view对象
			view = resolveViewName(viewName, mv.getModelInternal(), locale, request);
			if (view == null) {
				throw new ServletException("Could not resolve view with name '" + mv.getViewName() +
						"' in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
			}
		}
		else {
			// No need to lookup: the ModelAndView object contains the actual View object.
			view = mv.getView();
			if (view == null) {
				throw new ServletException("ModelAndView [" + mv + "] neither contains a view name nor a " +
						"View object in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
			}
		}

		// Delegate to the View object for rendering.
		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Rendering view [" + view + "] ");
		}
		try {
			if (mv.getStatus() != null) {
				response.setStatus(mv.getStatus().value());
			}
第10步-------------->>//将modle中的数据渲染到view中
			view.render(mv.getModelInternal(), request, response);
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Error rendering view [" + view + "]", ex);
			}
			throw ex;
		}
	}

第11步骤

返回响应.

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反复琢磨,熟能生巧~~