Redisson 分布式限流器 RRateLimiter 的使用及原理

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一、基本使用

1.1 创建限流器

/**
 * Returns rate limiter instance by name
 * 
 * @param name of rate limiter
 * @return RateLimiter object
 */
RRateLimiter getRateLimiter(String name);

/**
 * Initializes RateLimiter's state and stores config to Redis server.
 * 
 * @param mode - rate mode
 * @param rate - rate
 * @param rateInterval - rate time interval
 * @param rateIntervalUnit - rate time interval unit
 * @return true if rate was set and false otherwise
 */
boolean trySetRate(RateType mode, long rate, long rateInterval, RateIntervalUnit rateIntervalUnit);

trySetRate 用于设置限流参数。其中 RateType 包含 OVERALL 和 PER_CLIENT 两个枚举常量，分别表示全局限流和单机限流。后面三个参数表明了令牌的生成速率，即每 rateInterval 生成 rate 个令牌，rateIntervalUnit 为 rateInterval 的时间单位。

1.2 获取令牌

/**
 * Acquires a specified permits from this RateLimiter, 
 * blocking until one is available.
 *
 * Acquires the given number of permits, if they are available 
 * and returns immediately, reducing the number of available permits 
 * by the given amount.
 * 
 * @param permits the number of permits to acquire
 */
void acquire(long permits);

/**
 * Acquires the given number of permits only if all are available
 * within the given waiting time.
 *
 * Acquires the given number of permits, if all are available and returns immediately,
 * with the value true, reducing the number of available permits by one.
 *
 * If no permit is available then the current thread becomes
 * disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until
 * the specified waiting time elapses.
 *
 * If a permits is acquired then the value true is returned.
 *
 * If the specified waiting time elapses then the value false
 * is returned.  If the time is less than or equal to zero, the method
 * will not wait at all.
 *
 * @param permits amount
 * @param timeout the maximum time to wait for a permit
 * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument
 * @return true if a permit was acquired and false
 *         if the waiting time elapsed before a permit was acquired
 */
boolean tryAcquire(long permits, long timeout, TimeUnit unit);

acquire 和 tryAcquire 均可用于获取指定数量的令牌，不过 acquire 会阻塞等待，而 tryAcquire 会等待 timeout 时间，如果仍然没有获得指定数量的令牌直接返回 false。

1.3 使用示例

@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest
class RateLimiterTest {
   
    
    @Autowired
    private RedissonClient redissonClient;
    
    private static final int threadCount = 10;

    @Test
    void test() throws InterruptedException {
   
        RRateLimiter rateLimiter = redissonClient.getRateLimiter("my_limiter");
        rateLimiter.trySetRate(RateType.OVERALL, 10, 1, RateIntervalUnit.SECONDS);

        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(threadCount);

        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
   
            new Thread(() -> {
   
                rateLimiter.tryAcquire(5, 3, Ti