59. Python中的数据类型及其转换

Lesson 59 Python中的数据类型及其转换

1. 整型

>>> a = 1
>>> print(a)

查看变量的类型
>>> type(a)
<class ‘int’>

2. 浮点型

>>>b = 1.2
  >>> print(b)
1.2

>>> type(b)
<class 'float'>

>>> c = westos

Traceback (most recent call last):
File “”, line 1, in
NameError: name ‘westos’ is not defined

3. 字符串型

>>> c = 'westos'
>>> print(c)
westos
>>> c = "what's"
>>> print(c)
what's
>>> c = 'what's'
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    c = 'what's'
              ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> c = 'what\'s'
>>> print(c)
what's

4. bool型(只有两个值：True False 非0即真)

>>> a = 1
>>> bool(a)
True
>>> bool(0)
False
>>> bool('')
False
>>> bool(' ')
True
>>> bool('redhat')
True

当“”中为空时，bool值为false，当“”中有空格或者其他字符时，bool值为true（非0即真）

5. 数据类型之间的转换

>>> a = 1
>>> type(a)
<class 'int'>
>>> float(a)
1.0
>>> type(a)
<class 'int'>

>>> b = float(a)
>>> b
1.0
>>> b = 2.0
>>> int(b)
2

>>> c = 'redhat'
>>> int(c)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'redhat'

可以看到，字符串类型不能和数值类型进行数据类型转换，会报错

>>> b = 123
>>> str(b)
'123'
>>> c = '123'
>>> int(c)
123
>>> a
1
>>> b
123
>>> c
'123'

6. 在内存中删除一个变量

>>> del a
>>> a
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'a' is not defined
>>> del b
>>> b
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'b' is not defined