D - Find Integer----------------------------思维(2018ccpc+数论+费马大定理+奇偶数列法则)

题意:
给定n和a, 让你求b和c ，使得 aⁿ + bⁿ = cⁿ

解析:
根据费马大定理,aⁿ + bⁿ = cⁿ. n>2无解
当n == 0时 无解
当n == 1时 让b=1,c=a+1；
当n == 2时 需要用到奇偶数列法则
定理： 如a^2+b2=c^2是直角三角形的三个整数边长，则必有如下a值的奇数列、偶数列关系成立；

当a为奇数时
$$\{\begin{array}{rlr}a& =& (2n+1)\\ b& =& (n^2+(n+1{)}^2-1)\\ c& =& (n^2+(n+1{)}^2)\end{array}$$

当a为偶数时
$$\{\begin{array}{rlr}a& =& (2n)\\ b& =& (n^2-1)\\ c& =& (n^2+1)\end{array}$$

具体证明:https://blog.csdn.net/Dilly__dally/article/details/82081922

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
ll n,a;
int t;
int main()
{
    scanf("%d",&t);
    while(t--)
    {
        scanf("%lld %lld",&n,&a);
        if(n>2) printf("-1 -1\n");
        else if(n==0) printf("-1 -1\n");
        else if(n==1)
        {
            printf("%lld %lld\n",1,a+1);
        }
        else if(n==2)
        {
            if(a%2){
                ll t=(a-1)/2;
                ll b=t*t+(t+1)*(t+1)-1;
                ll c=t*t+(t+1)*(t+1);
                printf("%lld %lld\n",b,c);
            }
            else
            {
                ll t=a/2;
                ll b=t*t-1;
                ll c=t*t+1;
                printf("%lld %lld\n",b,c);
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}