手撸一个随机验证码

新建Servlet

package com.xinzhi.servlet;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.Buffer;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * @author lzp
 * @create 2020/7/26
 */
public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //如何让浏览器五秒刷新一次;
        resp.setHeader("refresh","60");
        //在内存中创建一个图片
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        //得到图片
        Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();  //笔
        //设置图片的背景颜色
        graphics.setColor(Color.white);
        graphics.fillRect(0,0,80,20);  //填充满刚刚创建的图片
        //给图片写数据
        Random random = new Random();// 生成随机数
        graphics.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random
                .nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));   //画笔颜色rgb编程随机数 也可以Color.BLUE
        graphics.setFont(new Font(null,Font.BOLD,20));
        graphics.drawString(makeNum(),0,20);
        //绘制干扰线
        graphics.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        int x1;
        int x2;
        int y1;
        int y2;
        int width = 120;
        int height = 30;
        for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            x1 = random.nextInt(width);
            x2 = random.nextInt(30);
            y1 = random.nextInt(height);
            y2 = random.nextInt(30);
            graphics.drawLine(x1, y1, x1 + x2, x2 + y2);
        }
        //告诉浏览器这个请求用图片的方式打开
        resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        resp.setDateHeader("expires",-1); //网站存在缓存,不让浏览器缓存
        resp.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache"); //不缓存
        resp.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");

        //把图片写给浏览器
        ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",resp.getOutputStream());

    }

    //生成随机数
     public String  makeNum(){
         Random random = new Random();//创建随机数
         String num = random.nextInt(9999999)+"";//999999代表七位数 +""表示成为String
         StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();          //写到流中
         for (int i = 0; i < 7-num.length(); i++) {
             sb.append("0");                        //每次追加一个数字,保证随机数是七位,如果不是七位可以用0填充
         }
         num = sb.toString()+num;
         return num;
     }


    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
     <servlet>
         <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
         <servlet-class>com.xinzhi.servlet.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
     </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
        <!--这里可以配多个路径-->
        <url-pattern>/Img</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/img</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>