[Ansible系列]记录不同方式循环创建用户

1.    with_items

 1.1   定义用户信息为列表模式

[root@clinet ansible_2]# cat vars_file/file1.yml 
users:
  - name: bob
    shell: /sbin/nologin
    home: /home/bob
    state: present

  - name: alice
    home: /tmp/alice
    state: present

  - name: tom
    shell: /bin/bash
    state: present
[root@clinet ansible_2]# 

 1.2    编写playbook，使用with_items循环

[root@clinet ansible_2]# cat yum_file/with_x/with_x.yml 
- hosts: mdb
  gather_facts: no
  vars_files:
    - /root/ansible_test/ansible_2/vars_file/file1.yml
  tasks:
    - name: create user group
      group:
        name: "{{ item['name'] }}"
        state: "{{ item['state'] }}"
      with_items: "{{ users }}"

    - name: create user with_items
      user:
        name: "{{ item['name'] }}"
        shell: "{{ item['shell'] |default(omit) }}"
        home: "{{ item['home'] |default(omit) }}"
        state: "{{ item['state'] }}"
      with_items: "{{ users }}"
[root@clinet ansible_2]# 

 1.3   也可以为loop循环

 

- hosts: mdb
  gather_facts: no
  vars_files:
    - /root/ansible_test/ansible_2/vars_file/file1.yml
  tasks:
    - name: create user group
      group:
        name: "{{ item['name'] }}"
        state: "{{ item['state'] }}"
      loop: "{{ users }}"

    - name: create user loop
      user:
        name: "{{ item['name'] }}"
        shell: "{{ item['shell'] |default(omit)}}"
        home: "{{ item['home'] |default(omit) }}"
        state: "{{ item['state'] }}"
      loop: "{{ users }}"

 2.    with_dict

 2.1   定义用户信息为字典模式

[root@clinet ansible_2]# cat vars_file/file2.yml 
users:
  xhz:
    shell: /sbin/nologin
    home: /home/xhz
    state: present
  flf:
    home: /tmp/flf
    state: present
  wsz:
    shell: /bin/bash
    state: present
[root@clinet ansible_2]# 

 2.2    编写playbook，使用with_dict循环

[root@clinet ansible_2]# cat yum_file/with_x/with_dict.yml 
- hosts: mdb
  gather_facts: no
  vars_files:
    - /root/ansible_test/ansible_2/vars_file/file2.yml
  tasks:
    - name: create user group
      group:
        name: "{{ item['key'] }}"
        state: "{{ item['value']['state'] }}"
      with_dict: "{{ users }}"

    - name: create user with_dic
      user:
        name: "{{ item['key'] }}"
        shell: "{{ item['value']['shell'] |default(omit)}}"
        home: "{{ item['value']['home'] |default(omit) }}"
        state: "{{ item['value']['state'] }}"
      with_dict: "{{ users }}"
[root@clinet ansible_2]# 

 2.3   也可以为loop | dict2items

- hosts: mdb
  gather_facts: no
  vars_files:
    - /root/ansible_test/ansible_2/vars_file/file2.yml
  tasks:
    - name: create user group
      group:
        name: "{{ item['key'] }}"
        # state: "{{ item['value']['state'] }}"
      with_dict: "{{ users |dict2items }}"

    - name: create user with_x
      user:
        name: "{{ item['key'] }}"
        shell: "{{ item['value']['shell'] |default(omit)}}"
        home: "{{ item['value']['home'] |default(omit) }}"
        state: "{{ item['value']['state'] }}"
      loop: "{{ users |dict2items }}"

 

---

总结：

        1.   with_items主要是对列表，而with_dict主要是对字典；

        2.   "{{ item['value']['home'] |default(omit) }}"表示变量item['value']['home'] 不存在时，则使用默认变量；default(omit)表示系统中的默认值。也可以写为default(‘xhz123’），则表示变量item['value']['home'] 不存在时，将变量值设置为xhz123