基于WebMagic写的一个csdn博客小爬虫

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-14 13:57:19 发布

乱了我去

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-14 13:57:19 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43717814/article/details/86067709

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最近有点无聊，想研究一下爬虫，说到爬虫，很多人第一时间想到的是python。但是这次我选择了室友@antgan推荐的java爬虫框架WebMagic。该框架容易上手，可定制可扩展，非常适合想用java做爬虫的小伙伴们。先看一下官方教程，里面写得很详细，也有不少参考案例。

暂时还想不到有什么数据值得爬取，先拿csdn博客来练练手。
小爬虫能抓取指定用户的所有文章的关键信息，包括文章id，标题，标签，分类，阅读人数，评论人数，是否原创。并且把数据保存到数据库中。

数据库表的设计及sql

数据库表的设计

CREATE TABLE `csdnblog` (  `key` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL,  `title` varchar(255) NOT NULL,  `date` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL,  `tags` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,  `category` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,  `view` int(11) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,  `comments` int(11) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,  `copyright` int(1) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,  PRIMARY KEY (`key`)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=0 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
  
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Processor是爬虫逻辑，程序的核心

package csdnblog;import java.util.List;import us.codecraft.webmagic.Page;import us.codecraft.webmagic.Site;import us.codecraft.webmagic.Spider;import us.codecraft.webmagic.processor.PageProcessor;/** * CSDN博客爬虫 *  * @describe 可以爬取指定用户的csdn博客所有文章，并保存到数据库中。 * @date 2016-4-30 *  * @author steven * @csdn qq598535550 * @website lyf.soecode.com */public class CsdnBlogPageProcessor implements PageProcessor {    private static String username = "qq598535550";// 设置csdn用户名    private static int size = 0;// 共抓取到的文章数量    // 抓取网站的相关配置，包括：编码、抓取间隔、重试次数等    private Site site = Site.me().setRetryTimes(3).setSleepTime(1000);    @Override    public Site getSite() {        return site;    }    @Override    // process是定制爬虫逻辑的核心接口，在这里编写抽取逻辑    public void process(Page page) {        // 列表页        if (!page.getUrl().regex("http://blog\\.csdn\\.net/" + username + "/article/details/\\d+").match()) {            // 添加所有文章页            page.addTargetRequests(page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@id='article_list']").links()// 限定文章列表获取区域                    .regex("/" + username + "/article/details/\\d+")                    .replace("/" + username + "/", "http://blog.csdn.net/" + username + "/")// 巧用替换给把相对url转换成绝对url                    .all());            // 添加其他列表页            page.addTargetRequests(page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@id='papelist']").links()// 限定其他列表页获取区域                    .regex("/" + username + "/article/list/\\d+")                    .replace("/" + username + "/", "http://blog.csdn.net/" + username + "/")// 巧用替换给把相对url转换成绝对url                    .all());            // 文章页        } else {            size++;// 文章数量加1            // 用CsdnBlog类来存抓取到的数据，方便存入数据库            CsdnBlog csdnBlog = new CsdnBlog();            // 设置编号            csdnBlog.setId(Integer.parseInt(                    page.getUrl().regex("http://blog\\.csdn\\.net/" + username + "/article/details/(\\d+)").get()));            // 设置标题            csdnBlog.setTitle(                    page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@class='article_title']//span[@class='link_title']/a/text()").get());            // 设置日期            csdnBlog.setDate(                    page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@class='article_r']/span[@class='link_postdate']/text()").get());            // 设置标签（可以有多个，用,来分割）            csdnBlog.setTags(listToString(page.getHtml()                    .xpath("//div[@class='article_l']/span[@class='link_categories']/a/allText()").all()));            // 设置类别（可以有多个，用,来分割）            csdnBlog.setCategory(                    listToString(page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@class='category_r']/label/span/text()").all()));            // 设置阅读人数            csdnBlog.setView(Integer.parseInt(page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@class='article_r']/span[@class='link_view']")                    .regex("(\\d+)人阅读").get()));            // 设置评论人数            csdnBlog.setComments(Integer.parseInt(page.getHtml()                    .xpath("//div[@class='article_r']/span[@class='link_comments']").regex("\\((\\d+)\\)").get()));            // 设置是否原创            csdnBlog.setCopyright(page.getHtml().regex("bog_copyright").match() ? 1 : 0);            // 把对象存入数据库            new CsdnBlogDao().add(csdnBlog);            // 把对象输出控制台            System.out.println(csdnBlog);        }    }    // 把list转换为string，用,分割    public static String listToString(List<String> stringList) {        if (stringList == null) {            return null;        }        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();        boolean flag = false;        for (String string : stringList) {            if (flag) {                result.append(",");            } else {                flag = true;            }            result.append(string);        }        return result.toString();    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        long startTime, endTime;        System.out.println("【爬虫开始】请耐心等待一大波数据到你碗里来...");        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();        // 从用户博客首页开始抓，开启5个线程，启动爬虫        Spider.create(new CsdnBlogPageProcessor()).addUrl("http://blog.csdn.net/" + username).thread(5).run();        endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();        System.out.println("【爬虫结束】共抓取" + size + "篇文章，耗时约" + ((endTime - startTime) / 1000) + "秒，已保存到数据库，请查收！");    }}
  
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CsdnBlog实体类对应数据库的表
PS：之前发的那个在实体类上有注解，那种是另外的实现方式，现在已经把注解删掉了，这里是不需要的！

package csdnblog;public class CsdnBlog {    private int id;// 编号    private String title;// 标题    private String date;// 日期    private String tags;// 标签    private String category;// 分类    private int view;// 阅读人数    private int comments;// 评论人数    private int copyright;// 是否原创    public int getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(int id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getTitle() {        return title;    }    public void setTitle(String title) {        this.title = title;    }    public String getDate() {        return date;    }    public void setDate(String date) {        this.date = date;    }    public String getTags() {        return tags;    }    public void setTags(String tags) {        this.tags = tags;    }    public String getCategory() {        return category;    }    public void setCategory(String category) {        this.category = category;    }    public int getView() {        return view;    }    public void setView(int view) {        this.view = view;    }    public int getComments() {        return comments;    }    public void setComments(int comments) {        this.comments = comments;    }    public int getCopyright() {        return copyright;    }    public void setCopyright(int copyright) {        this.copyright = copyright;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "CsdnBlog [id=" + id + ", title=" + title + ", date=" + date + ", tags=" + tags + ", category="                + category + ", view=" + view + ", comments=" + comments + ", copyright=" + copyright + "]";    }}
  
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dao数据访问层
只有一个添加方法

package csdnblog;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import java.sql.PreparedStatement;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.sql.Statement;public class CsdnBlogDao {    private Connection conn = null;    private Statement stmt = null;    public CsdnBlogDao() {        try {            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3307/webmagic?user=root&password=";            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url);            stmt = conn.createStatement();        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    public int add(CsdnBlog csdnBlog) {        try {            String sql = "INSERT INTO `webmagic`.`csdnblog` (`id`, `title`, `date`, `tags`, `category`, `view`, `comments`, `copyright`) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?);";            PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);            ps.setInt(1, csdnBlog.getId());            ps.setString(2, csdnBlog.getTitle());            ps.setString(3, csdnBlog.getDate());            ps.setString(4, csdnBlog.getTags());            ps.setString(5, csdnBlog.getCategory());            ps.setInt(6, csdnBlog.getView());            ps.setInt(7, csdnBlog.getComments());            ps.setInt(8, csdnBlog.getCopyright());            return ps.executeUpdate();        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return -1;    }}
  
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