原型设计模式

package design;

public class Student implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String sex;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name, int age, String sex) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Student s = null;
        try {
            s = (Student) super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
        return s;
    }
}

 Student student = new Student("Name",15,"man");
        List<Student> list=new ArrayList<>(10);
        //利用传统的方式
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            student.setAge(i);
            list.add(student);
        }
        for (Student student1 : list) {
            System.out.print(student.getAge()+"|");
        }

输出结果：

9|9|9|9|9|9|9|9|9|9|

利用浅克隆的方式：

Student student = new Student("Name",15,"man");
        List<Student> list=new ArrayList<>(10);
        //利用传统的方式
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Student s1= (Student) student.clone();
            s1.setAge(i);
            list.add(s1);
        }
        for (Student student1 : list) {
            System.out.print(student1.getAge()+"|");
        }

输出结果：

0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|

本例中用的是浅克隆的方式 ，基本数据类型和String类型的变量都可以直接复制其值，但是引用数据类型不能复制，如果对象中有引用数据类型，它实际上只是将内存地址复制下来了，要想实现真正的引用数据类型的复制，要用到深克隆的方式。
深克隆有两种方式：
第一种是重写 object的clone方法
第二种是利用序列化。
但是在实际的开发中，我们推荐使用序列化的方式来完成深克隆。

package design;

import java.io.*;

public class School {
    private String schoolName;
    private Student student;

    public School(String schoolName, Student student) {
        this.schoolName = schoolName;
        this.student = student;
    }

    public School() {
    }

    public String getSchoolName() {
        return schoolName;
    }

    public void setSchoolName(String schoolName) {
        this.schoolName = schoolName;
    }

    public Student getStudent() {
        return student;
    }

    public void setStudent(Student student) {
        this.student = student;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "School{" +
                "schoolName='" + schoolName + '\'' +
                ", student=" + student +
                '}';
    }

    //提供深克隆的方法
    public Object deepCopy() {
        //创建流对象、
        //输出流
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = null;
        //对象输出流
        ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
        //输入流
        ByteArrayInputStream bis = null;
        //对象输入流
        ObjectInputStream ois = null;

        //第一步  序列化操作

        try {
            bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
            //把当前对象以对象流的方式输出
            oos.writeObject(this);
            //反序列化
            bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
            ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
            School  school = (School) ois.readObject();
            return school;
        } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            return null;
        }finally {
            //开闭流
            try {
                bos.close();
                oos.close();
                bis.close();
                ois.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
           
        }

    }
}