Java英文面试题（核心知识篇）

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-04 15:40:25 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-04 15:40:25 发布

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这篇博客主要涵盖Java面试中关于核心概念的问题，包括容器默认布局、同步机制、集合API、迭代器、抽象类与接口的区别、定义及用法，以及垃圾回收、用户自定义异常、JDBC 2.0新特性等。同时讲解了OOPS原则，如封装、继承和多态，并讨论了访问修饰符、包装类、静态变量和`instanceof`与`getClass()`的区别。

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Question: What is transient variable?
Answer: Transient variable can't be serialize. For example if a variable is declared as transient in a Serializable class and the class is written to an ObjectStream, the value of the variable can't be written to the stream instead when the class is retrieved from the ObjectStream the value of the variable becomes null.

Question: Name the containers which uses Border Layout as their default layout?
Answer: Containers which uses Border Layout as their default are: window, Frame and Dialog classes.

Question: What do you understand by Synchronization?
Answer: Synchronization is a process of controlling the access of shared resources by the multiple threads in such a manner that only one thread can access one resource at a time. In non synchronized multithreaded application, it is possible for one thread to modify a shared object while another thread is in the process of using or updating the object's value. Synchronization prevents such type of data corruption.
E.g. Synchronizing a function:
public synchronized void Method1 () {
     // Appropriate method-related code.
}
E.g. Synchronizing a block of code inside a function:
public myFunction (){
    synchronized (this) {
            // Synchronized code here.
         }
}

Question: What is Collection API?
Answer: The Collection API is a set of classes and interfaces that support operation on collections of objects. These classes and interfaces are more flexible, more powerful, and more regular than the vectors, arrays, and hashtables if effectively replaces.
Example of classes: HashSet, HashMap, ArrayList, LinkedList, TreeSet and TreeMap.
Example of interfaces: Collection, Set,List and Map.

Question: Is Iterator a Class or Interface? What is its use?
Answer: Iterator is an interface which is used to step through the elements of a Collection.

Question: What is similarities/difference between an Abstract class and Interface?
Answer: Differences are as follows:

Interfaces provide a form of multiple inheritance. A class can extend only one other class.
Interfaces are limited to public methods and constants with no implementation. Abstract classes can have a partial implementation, protected parts, static methods, etc.
A Class may implement several interfaces. But in