SpringBoot之Canal 同步数据库

SpringBoot之Canal同步数据库

介绍

通过实时同步数据库表的方式实现，例如我们要统计每天注册与登录人数，我们只需把会员表同步到统计库中，实现本地统计就可以了，这样效率更高，耦合度更低，Canal就是一个很好的数据库同步工具。 canal是阿里巴巴旗下的一款开源项目，纯Java开发。基于数据库增量日志解析，提供增量数据订阅&消费，目前主要支持了MySQL。

本地数据库和服务器上数据库保持一致，本地添加内容，服务器上面数据库也会自动添加内容

1.Canal环境搭建

1）检查binlog功能是否有开启

show variables like 'log_bin';

2）如果显示状态为OFF表示该功能未开启，开启binlog功能

1，修改 mysql 的配置文件 my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf
追加内容：
log-bin=mysql-bin #binlog文件名
binlog_format=ROW #选择row模式
server_id=1 #mysql实例id,不能和canal的slaveId重复
2，重启 mysql：
service mysql restart
3,再次检测是否开启
show variables like 'log_bin';

2.安装Canal

下载地址

1）下载之后，放到目录中，解压文件

cd  /usr/local/canal

tar zxvf  canal.deployer-1.1.4.tar.gz

2）修改配置文件

vi conf/example/instance.properties

#需要改成自己的数据库信息
canal.instance.master.address=119.3.109.93:3306
#需要改成自己的数据库用户名与密码
canal.instance.dbUsername=root
canal.instance.dbPassword=123456
#需要改成同步的数据库表规则，例如只是同步一下表，第一条是全部，第二条是选择其中一个表，看自己需要
#canal.instance.filter.regex=.*\\..*
canal.instance.filter.regex=guli_ucenter.ucenter_member

3.启动Canal

./startup.sh

4.创建Canal模块，并引入依赖，版本在我主模块那里，这个只是引入，Canal的版本是1.1.0

	<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId>
            <artifactId>canal.client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

5.添加配置文件

# 服务端口
server.port=10000
# 服务名
spring.application.name=canal-client
# 环境设置：dev、test、prod
spring.profiles.active=dev
# mysql数据库连接
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/guli?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456

6.创建canal客户端类，修改服务器ip就行，其他是固定的内容

import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnector;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnectors;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.CanalEntry.*;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.Message;
import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.DbUtils;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
@Component
public class CanalClient {
    //sql队列
    private Queue<String> SQL_QUEUE = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
    @Resource
    private DataSource dataSource;
    /**
     * canal入库方法
     */
    public void run() {
        CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(new
                InetSocketAddress("119.3.109.93",
                11111), "example", "", "");
        int batchSize = 1000;
        try {
            connector.connect();
            connector.subscribe(".*\\..*");
            connector.rollback();
            try {
                while (true) {
//尝试从master那边拉去数据batchSize条记录，有多少取多少
                    Message message = connector.getWithoutAck(batchSize);
                    long batchId = message.getId();
                    int size = message.getEntries().size();
                    if (batchId == -1 || size == 0) {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } else {
                        dataHandle(message.getEntries());
                    }
                    connector.ack(batchId);
//当队列里面堆积的sql大于一定数值的时候就模拟执行
                    if (SQL_QUEUE.size() >= 1) {
                        executeQueueSql();
                    }
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } finally {
            connector.disconnect();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 模拟执行队列里面的sql语句
     */
    public void executeQueueSql() {
        int size = SQL_QUEUE.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            String sql = SQL_QUEUE.poll();
            System.out.println("[sql]----> " + sql);
            this.execute(sql.toString());
        }
    }
    /**
     * 数据处理
     *
     * @param entrys
     */
    private void dataHandle(List<Entry> entrys) throws
            InvalidProtocolBufferException {
        for (Entry entry : entrys) {
            if (EntryType.ROWDATA == entry.getEntryType()) {
                RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
                EventType eventType = rowChange.getEventType();
                if (eventType == EventType.DELETE) {
                    saveDeleteSql(entry);
                } else if (eventType == EventType.UPDATE) {
                    saveUpdateSql(entry);
                } else if (eventType == EventType.INSERT) {
                    saveInsertSql(entry);
                }
            }
        }
    }
/**
 * 保存更新语句
 *
 * @param entry
 */
private void saveUpdateSql(Entry entry) {
    try {
        RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
        List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();
        for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {
            List<Column> newColumnList = rowData.getAfterColumnsList();
            StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("update " +
                    entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " set ");
            for (int i = 0; i < newColumnList.size(); i++) {
                sql.append(" " + newColumnList.get(i).getName()
                        + " = '" + newColumnList.get(i).getValue() + "'");
                if (i != newColumnList.size() - 1) {
                    sql.append(",");
                }
            }
            sql.append(" where ");
            List<Column> oldColumnList = rowData.getBeforeColumnsList();
            for (Column column : oldColumnList) {
                if (column.getIsKey()) {
//暂时只支持单一主键
                    sql.append(column.getName() + "=" + column.getValue());
                    break;
                }
            }
            SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());
        }
    } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
    /**
     * 保存删除语句
     *
     * @param entry
     */
    private void saveDeleteSql(Entry entry) {
        try {
            RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
            List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();
            for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {
                List<Column> columnList = rowData.getBeforeColumnsList();
                StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("delete from " +
                        entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " where ");
                for (Column column : columnList) {
                    if (column.getIsKey()) {
//暂时只支持单一主键
                        sql.append(column.getName() + "=" + column.getValue());
                        break;
                    }
                }
                SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());
            }
        } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 保存插入语句
     *
     * @param entry
     */
    private void saveInsertSql(Entry entry) {
        try {
            RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
            List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();
            for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {
                List<Column> columnList = rowData.getAfterColumnsList();
                StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("insert into " +
                        entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " (");
                for (int i = 0; i < columnList.size(); i++) {
                    sql.append(columnList.get(i).getName());
                    if (i != columnList.size() - 1) {
                        sql.append(",");
                    }
                }
                sql.append(") VALUES (");
                for (int i = 0; i < columnList.size(); i++) {
                    sql.append("'" + columnList.get(i).getValue() + "'");
                    if (i != columnList.size() - 1) {
                        sql.append(",");
                    }
                }
                sql.append(")");
                SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());
            }
        } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 入库
     * @param sql
     */
    public void execute(String sql) {
        Connection con = null;
        try {
            if(null == sql) return;
            con = dataSource.getConnection();
            QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner();
            int row = qr.execute(con, sql);
            System.out.println("update: "+ row);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DbUtils.closeQuietly(con);
        }
    }
}

7.启动类需要继承方法

import com.mine.guli.client.CanalClient;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@SpringBootApplication
public class CanalApplication implements CommandLineRunner {

    @Resource
    private CanalClient canalClient;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CanalApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... strings) throws Exception {
        //项目启动，执行canal客户端监听
        canalClient.run();
    }
}