尚硅谷SSM框架整合测试CRUD遇到的问题

项目场景：

学习尚硅谷SSM框架整合时，采用spring整合的spring-test直接来测试CRUD遇到的问题，在视频的P11

MapperTest中的测试方法

//@Transactional
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class MapperTest {
    @Autowired
    DepartmentMapper departmentMapper;
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testCRUD(){
        System.out.println(departmentMapper);
        // 1. 测试插入部门
        departmentMapper.insertSelective(new Department(null, "技术部"));
        departmentMapper.insertSelective(new Department(null, "开发部"));
    }
}

---

问题一描述

错误提示“: java.sql.SQLException: Field ‘dept_id’ doesn’t have a default value”

@Override
	org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: 
### Error updating database.  Cause: java.sql.SQLException: Field 'dept_id' doesn't have a default value
### The error may exist in file [D:\JAVA\Code\IDEA\SSM-CRUD\target\classes\mapper\DepartmentMapper.xml]
### The error may involve com.atguigu.crud.dao.DepartmentMapper.insertSelective-Inline
### The error occurred while setting parameters
### SQL: insert into tbl_dept      ( dept_name )       values ( ? )
### Cause: java.sql.SQLException: Field 'dept_id' doesn't have a default value
; Field 'dept_id' doesn't have a default value; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Field 'dept_id' doesn't have a default value

原因及解决方案：

提示：Field ‘dept_id’ doesn’t have a default value，它的意思是字段“dept_id”没有默认值，这个问题的解决方案是，在SQL语句中加上该字段，将它设置为自增列

注意：这里会报错 cannot change column 'dept_id' :used in a foreign key,是因为已经设置dept_id为外键，需要删除外键，设置自增，再添加外键就可以成功

运行成功，没有报错

---

问题二描述

虽然idea中没有错，但是MySQL表中为null

JDBC Connection [com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.NewProxyConnection@5aac4250 [wrapping: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl@1338fb5]] will be managed by Spring
==>  Preparing: insert into tbl_dept ( dept_name ) values ( ? ) 
==> Parameters: 技术部(String)
<==    Updates: 1
Releasing transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@52851b44]
Fetched SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@52851b44] from current transaction

原因及解决方案：

上网搜索后发现原因是在方法@Transactional注解，这个注解把当前方法中的作为一个事物，只有当方法都完成时，才会进行提交操作。

//@Transactional
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class MapperTest {
    @Autowired
    DepartmentMapper departmentMapper;
    /**
     * 测试DepartmentMapper
     */
    public void testCRUD(){
//        //1、创建SpringIOC容器
//        ApplicationContext ioc = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//        //2、从容器中获取mapper
//        DepartmentMapper bean = ioc.getBean(DepartmentMapper.class);
        System.out.println(departmentMapper);
        // 1. 测试插入部门
        departmentMapper.insertSelective(new Department(null, "技术部"));
        departmentMapper.insertSelective(new Department(null, "开发部"));
    }
}

将@Transactional注释掉，再次运行，此次执行没有报错

---

问题三描述

dept_name显示“？？？”

原因及解决方案：

确定dept表字符集是UTF-8的格式

上网搜索后，发现需要把dbconfig.properties的url后面添加
?characterEncoding=UTF-8

jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_crud?characterEncoding=UTF-8
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456

最后运行，表中dept_name一列添加了数据

参考链接：
MyBatis错误提示：Error updating database. Cause: java.sql.SQLException: Field ‘id’ doesn’t have a defaul

cannot change column ‘c_id’ :used in a foreign key解决方法

@Transactional 在一个事物方法中开启新事物，完成对数据库的修改

IDEA向MySQL数据库中添加信息，中文显示问号？的解决方法