各种锁的理解

各种锁的理解

一、公平锁、非公平锁

公平锁： 非常公平， 不能够插队，必须先来后到！

非公平锁： 非常不公平，可以插队 （默认都是非公平）

public ReentrantLock() {
    sync = new NonfairSync();
}
public ReentrantLock(boolean fair) {
    sync = fair ? new FairSync() : new NonfairSync();
}

二、可重入锁

可重入锁（递归锁）

synchronized

// Synchronized 
public class lock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Phone phone = new Phone();

        new Thread(()->{
            phone.sendSms();
        },"A").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            phone.sendSms();
        },"B").start();
    }
}

class Phone{

    public synchronized void sendSms(){
        System.out.println("sendSms");
        call();  // 这里也有锁 
    }

    public synchronized void call(){
        System.out.println("call");
    }
}

Lock

public class lock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Phone2 phone = new Phone2();

        new Thread(()->{
            phone.sendSms();
        },"A").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            phone.sendSms();
        },"B").start();
    }
}

class Phone2{
    Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

    public synchronized void sendSms(){
        lock.lock(); // 细节问题： lock(); lock.unlock();
        // lock 锁必须配对，否则就会死锁
        try {
            System.out.println("sendSms");
            call();// 这里也有锁 
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public synchronized void call(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            System.out.println("call");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

三、自旋锁

spinlock

ReentrantLock reentrantLock = new ReentrantLock();
reentrantLock.lock();
reentrantLock.unlock();
底层使用的自旋锁CAS

/*
 * 自旋锁
 */
public class SpinlockDemo {
    // int 0
    // Thread null
    AtomicReference<Thread> atomicReference = new AtomicReference<>();
    // 加锁
    public void myLock(){
        Thread thread = Thread.currentThread();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "==> mylock");
        //
/*        if(atomicReference.compareAndSet(null,thread)){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "wuhu");
        }
        if(atomicReference.compareAndSet(thread,null)){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "hahei");
        }*/
        // 自旋锁
        while (!atomicReference.compareAndSet(null,thread)){
            // 一开始atomicReference是空的 所以t1吧 atomicReference变为T1的thread就出去了
            // thread是null返回true 这里为true是结束循环
            // 当T2进来的时候 这时候atomicReference就不为空了 一直循环 等到t1解锁的时候t2才会出去
        }
    }

    // 解锁
    public void myUnLock(){
        Thread thread = Thread.currentThread(); // 获取运行的线程信息
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "==> myUnlock");
        atomicReference.compareAndSet(thread,null);
    }
}

测试

public class TestSpinLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        // ReentrantLock reentrantLock = new ReentrantLock();
        // reentrantLock.lock();
        // reentrantLock.unlock();
        // 底层使用的自旋锁CAS
        SpinlockDemo lock = new SpinlockDemo();
        new Thread(()-> {
            lock.myLock();
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                lock.myUnLock();
            }
        },"T1").start();

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);

        new Thread(()-> {
            lock.myLock();
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                lock.myUnLock();
            }
        },"T2").start();
    }
}

五、死锁

deadLockDemo

死锁测试，怎么排除死锁

public class DeadLockDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String lockA = "lockA";
        String lockB = "lockB";

        new Thread(new MyThread(lockA, lockB), "T1").start();
        new Thread(new MyThread(lockB, lockA), "T2").start();

    }
}


class MyThread implements Runnable{

    private String lockA;
    private String lockB;

    public MyThread(String lockA, String lockB) {
        this.lockA = lockA;
        this.lockB = lockB;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        synchronized (lockA){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "lock:"+lockA+"=>get"+lockB);

            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            synchronized (lockB){
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "lock:"+lockB+"=>get"+lockA);
            }

        }
    }
}

解决问题

1、使用jps -l定位进程号

2、使用jstack 进程号 找到死锁问题

排查问题

1、日志

2、堆栈