验证tcp的全连接队列和tcp三次握手
先给出服务端可客户端的程序:
server
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#define MAX 80
#define PORT 8080
#define SA struct sockaddr
void func(int sockfd)
{
char buff[MAX];
int n;
for(;;)
{
bzero(buff, MAX);
read(sockfd, buff, sizeof(buff));
if((strncmp(buff, "exit", 4)) == 0)
{
printf("Client Exit...\n");
break;
}
printf("From client: %s\t To client:", buff);
bzero(buff, MAX);
n = 0;
while((buff[n++] = getchar()) != '\n');
write(sockfd, buff, sizeof(buff));
if(strncmp("exit", buff, 4) == 0)
{
printf("Server Exit...\n");
break;
}
}
}
int main()
{
int sockfd, connfd, len;
struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cli;
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(sockfd == -1)
{
printf("socket creation failed..\n");
exit(0);
}
else
{
printf("Socket sucessfully created..\n");
}
bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
servaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if((bind(sockfd, (SA*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr))) != 0)
{
printf("socket bind failed...\n");
exit(0);
}
else
{
printf("Socket successfully binded..\n");
}
if((listen(sockfd, 1)) != 0)
{
printf("Listem failed...\n");
exit(0);
}
else
{
printf("Server listening..\n");
}
len = sizeof(cli);
sleep(3600);
connfd = accept(sockfd, (SA*)&cli, (socklen_t*)&len);
if(connfd < 0)
{
printf("server accept failed...\n");
exit(0);
}
else
{
printf("server accept the client...\n");
}
func(connfd);
close(sockfd);
}
client:
#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define MAX 80
#define PORT 8080
#define SA struct sockaddr
void func(int sockfd)
{
char buff[MAX];
int n;
for(;;)
{
bzero(buff, sizeof(buff));
printf("Enter the string : ");
n = 0;
while((buff[n++] = getchar()) != '\n');
write(sockfd, buff, sizeof(buff));
if((strncmp(buff, "exit", 4)) == 0)
{
printf("Client Exit...\n");
break;
}
bzero(buff, sizeof(buff));
read(sockfd, buff, sizeof(buff));
printf("From Server: %s", buff);
}
}
int main()
{
int sockfd;
struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(sockfd == -1)
{
printf("socket creation failed...\n");
exit(0);
}
else
{
printf("Socket successfully created...\n");
}
bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
servaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if(connect(sockfd, (SA*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) != 0)
{
printf("connection with the server failed...\n");
exit(0);
}
else
{
printf("connected to the server...\n");
}
func(sockfd);
close(sockfd);
}
可以对照着下图来看:
就是进入同步已接收状态的文件描述符被加入半连接队列,进入连接已建立状态的文件描述符从半连接加入到全连接队列,当调用accept后文件描述符就从全连接队列中取出交给应用进程。
上面的命令需在8080有进程监听的时候才会有结果
全连接队列满了过后协议栈的处理:
上面将backlog的值设为1,那么就最多允许2个文件描述符的状态为连接已建立状态,第三个连接就会重传或者被终止;
修改/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_abort_on_overflow文件的命令:
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_abort_on_overflow
可以参考博客:
https://www.cnblogs.com/alchemystar/p/13175276.html
下面是测试的记录:
ss -lnt 'sport = :8080’分别是链接第一个,第二个,第三个客户端后执行的结果;
netstat -s | egrep "listen|LISTEN"命令是第三个客户端连接后执行的;
wireshark中抓包的截图:
很清晰的看见前六个是前两个客户端的三次握手,第三个客户端连入后由于全连接队列满了,服务器就构造出连接请求报文丢失的假象,我这里是修改了了/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_abort_on_overflow,但是测试时没有起作用,不知道是不是重新编译,以后再探究这个问题。
验证tcp三次握手:
当server端运行起来后执行命令:
ss -tan state listening '( sport = :9000 or dport = :9000 )'
这个命令就表示在9000端口上处于listening的文件描述符的个数;
再执行如图所示的命令,就是在9000端口和连接到9000端口到上处于established状态的文件描述符的个数;
三次握手的状态转换图:
wireshark中抓三次握手的数据包:
第一个数据包:seq = 0,这个0一个相对值,真实的值并不是0,只是用来表示这个第一个分包;真实值:
第二个分包:
第三个分包: