Python之元组类型tuple（元组的特性及常用方法等）

一、元组的创建

1. 元组（tuple）：不可变数据类型 ，元组内可以存储任意数据类型

t = (1,2.3,True,'westos')   #整型、浮点型、布尔型、字符型
print(t)
print(type(t))

2.  元组中可以嵌套列表

t1 = ([1,2,3],4)
print(t1)
t1[0].append(4)
print(t1)

t2 = ('westos')     #字符串类型
print(type(t2))
t2 = ('westos',)     #元组类型
print(type(t2))

二、元组的特性

1. 索引 切片

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
print(users[0])
print(users[-1])
print(users[1:])
print(users[::-1])

2.重复

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
print(users)
print(users * 3)

3. 连接

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
passwds = ('123','456','789')
print(users + passwds)
print(passwds + ('000','111'))

4. 成员操作符

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
print('redhat' in users)
print('redhat' not in users)

5. 迭代

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
for user in users:
    print(user)

6. 枚举

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
for index,user in enumerate(users):
    print('第%d个用户：%s' %(index+1,user))

7. zip压缩

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
passwds = ('123','456','789')
for user,passwd in zip(users,passwds):
    print(user,':',passwd)

三、元组的常用方法

1. 计数

t =(1,2.3,True,'westos','westos')
print(t.count('westos'))

2. 通过元组项求索引值

t =(1,2.3,True,'westos','westos')
print(t.index(1))
print(t.index(2.3))

四、元组的应用场景

1. sort

scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
scoresli = list(scores)     #将元组转化为列表
scoresli.sort()             #对列表进行排序
print(scoresli)

scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
scores.sort()         #元组不能直接进行排序
print(scores)

2. sorted

scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
scores = sorted(scores)
print(scores)

3. 元组中的应用

scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
minscore,*middlescore,maxscore = scores     #其中，*表示多个元素
print(minscore)
print(middlescore)
print(maxscore)
print('最终成绩为：%.2f' %(sum(middlescore)/len(middlescore)))