springMVC简介
- springMVC本身也是基于对servlet进行了封装,也是轻量级的web开发框架之一
- 从使用角度来说,就是依赖大量的注解,达到传统意思上面MVC的Controller的功效
springMVC原理
环境搭建
Maven的下载地址:https://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
Maven的安装与配置:https://blog.csdn.net/a805814077/article/details/100545928
tomcat7下载地址:https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.10/bin/
项目创建:https://www.cnblogs.com/qixing/p/qixing.html
项目目录结构
pom.xml配置
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.test</groupId>
<artifactId>HelloSpringMVC</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>HelloSpringMVC Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<!-- define the project compile level -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<finalName>HelloSpringMVC</finalName>
</build>
</project>
Spring 配置
(一)、web.xml 配置
1、打开项目中的 web.xml 添加一个Spring 的 servlet(当然 tomcat 下的 /conf/web.xml 也可以,但一般不会这么做) ,使程序启动时就加载此 servlet。
load-on-startup元素标记容器是否在启动的时候就加载这个servlet
1)它的值必须是一个整数,表示servlet应该被载入的顺序
2)当值为0或者大于0时,表示容器在应用启动时就加载并初始化这个servlet;
3)当值小于0或者没有指定时,则表示容器在该servlet被选择时才会去加载。
4)正数的值越小,该servlet的优先级越高,应用启动时就越先加载。
5)当值相同时,容器就会自己选择顺序来加载。
所以,x,中x的取值1,2,3,4,5代表的是优先级,而非启动延迟时间。
2、设置 spring url 拦截:
spring *.actionspring 中的 spring 名字可自取,只要和上文所配的 servlet 名字对应即可。
表示 url 是 .action 为后缀的请求都必须经过 spring 的控制。
3、在下 WEB-INF 下创建 dispatcher-servlet.xml (名称(spring)和 web.xml 中配置的 spring 中的 spring 名称要对应):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
dispatcher-servlet.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!--寻找某包下面所有以annotation进行标识的类-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.tjetc.action"/>
<!-- 开启annotation的驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
userAction.java
package com.tjetc.action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.tjetc.domain.*;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user") //閾炬帴璁块棶鏃剁殑鍚庣紑 濡俬ttp://localhost:8080/JAVA-WEB/user/login
public class UserAction {
@RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public ModelAndView login(UserInfo userInfo,HttpSession session){
ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView();
System.out.println(userInfo.getUsername() + "==========" + userInfo.getPassword());
if("admin".equals(userInfo.getUsername()) && "123456".equals(userInfo.getPassword())){
session.setAttribute("userInfo", userInfo);
mav.setViewName("success");
}else {
mav.setViewName("error");
}
return mav;
}
}
UserInfo.java
package com.tjetc.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class UserInfo implements Serializable{
private Integer userId;
private String username;
private String password;
public Integer getuserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
this.userId=userId;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUserName(String username) {
this.username=username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return username;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password=password;
}
}