#java#nio#nio的基本概念

NIO 1: jsr51, jdk 1.4的时候引入
NIO1

NIO2: jsr 203

JDK 7的时候引入

NIO2

NIO2的时候引入了异步 io ,也就是 Asynchronous IO

java bio 是面向流的，没有缓存区的，属于阻塞IO

nio 是面向缓冲区的， 有一个 selectors选择器的概念

NIO 3大核心组件

1. buffer
2. channel
3. selector

java nio 复杂的地方就是 读写模式混合在一起了，放到了一个数组里面

通过 flip 操作 进行读写操作 的切换

java NIO 有一个概念，就是 通过 JNI 直接申请一块堆外内存操作

实际上是调用了 C++ 的 mallocate来分配了内存，因此这种没办法被虚拟机回收，因为是堆外内存

因为用了直接内存，所有减少了数据拷贝的操作

实例代码

public class MainTest1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("D:\\模板\\nio\\nio\\src\\main\\resources\\a.txt");
        // File file;
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("D:\\模板\\nio\\nio\\src\\main\\resources\\b.txt");
        FileChannel fin = in.getChannel();
        FileChannel fout = out.getChannel();
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        while (true) {
            buffer.clear();
            int flag = fin.read(buffer);
            if (flag == -1) {
                break;
            }
            buffer.flip();
            fout.write(buffer);
        }
        in.close();
        out.close();

    }

}

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {


        FileChannel in = FileChannel.open(Paths.get(("D:\\ASUS\\Desktop\\后台管理模板\\nio\\nio\\src\\main\\resources\\a.txt")), StandardOpenOption.READ);
        // File file;
        FileChannel out = FileChannel.open(Paths.get(("D:\\ASUS\\Desktop\\后台管理模板\\nio\\nio\\src\\main\\resources\\b.txt")),StandardOpenOption.WRITE);
        out.transferFrom(in,0,in.size());


    }

下面是 基于 nio的 echo server的简单实现

public class ServerTest2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ServerSocketChannel ch = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        ch.configureBlocking(false);
        ch.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8888));
        Selector selector = Selector.open();
        ch.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
        while (selector.select() > 0) {
            Iterator<SelectionKey> it = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
            //遍历所有注册的选择键
            while (it.hasNext()) {
                SelectionKey k = it.next();//获取准备就绪的事件
                if (k.isAcceptable()) {
                    System.out.println("accept");
                    SocketChannel cli = ch.accept();
                    //切换客户端为非阻塞模式
                    cli.configureBlocking(false);
                    //将通道注册到这个选择器上
                    cli.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                } else if (k.isReadable()) {
                    // System.out.println("read ..");
                    //可以接收事件
                    //获取选择器上可以读的通道
                    SocketChannel cl = (SocketChannel) k.channel();
                    ByteBuffer  bf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
                    int f = 0;
                    while ((f=cl.read(bf))>0) {
                        System.out.println("read .");
                        bf.flip();
                        System.out.println(new String(bf.array(),0,f));
                        bf.clear();
                    }
                }
                it.remove();//取消选择键

            }
        }
    }
}

public class MainTest1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open(
                new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",8888)
        );
        socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        ByteBuffer bf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        bf.put(new Date().toString().getBytes());
        //切换成都模式
        bf.flip();
        //将数据写入
        socketChannel.write(bf);
        bf.clear();
        socketChannel.close();

    }

}

下面是基于UDP 的写法

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        // SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open(
        //         new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",8888)
        // );
        DatagramChannel socketChannel = DatagramChannel.open();
        socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        ByteBuffer bf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        bf.put(new Date().toString().getBytes());
        //切换成都模式
        bf.flip();
        //将数据写入
        socketChannel.write(bf);
        bf.clear();
        socketChannel.close();

    }