【C++STL】map常见用法

直接上代码！

map-赋值与遍历

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int n, x;
    char c;
    cin >> n;
    map<char, int> mp;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cin >> c >> x;
        mp[c] = x;
    }
    for (map<char, int>::iterator it = mp.begin(); it != mp.end(); it++) {
        cout << it -> first << " " << it -> second << endl;			//map内部按key有序
    }
    return 0;
}

map-find

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int n, x;
    char c;
    cin >> n;
    map<char, int> mp;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cin >> c >> x;
        mp[c] = x;
    }
    cin >> c;		//需要寻找的键
    if (mp.find(c) != mp.end()) {
        cout << mp[c];
    } else {
        cout << -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

map-erase

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int n, x;
    char c;
    cin >> n;
    map<char, int> mp;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cin >> c >> x;
        mp[c] = x;
    }
    cin >> c;
    mp.erase(c);
    for (map<char, int>::iterator it = mp.begin(); it != mp.end(); it++) {
        cout << it -> first << " " << it -> second << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

map-clear与size

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int n, x;
    char c;
    cin >> n;
    map<char, int> mp;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cin >> c >> x;
        mp[c] = x;
    }
    cout << mp.size();
    mp.clear();
    cout << " " << mp.size();
    return 0;
}

map-访问与操作

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int n;
    string str;
    cin >> n;
    map<string, int> mp;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cin >> str;
        if (mp.find(str) == mp.end()) {
            mp[str] = 1;
        } else {
            mp[str]++;
        }
    }
    for (map<string, int>::iterator it = mp.begin(); it != mp.end(); it++) {
        cout << it -> first << " " << it -> second << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}
/*
输入:
3
abc
test
abc
输出:
abc 2
test 1
*/