《数据结构与算法》学习笔记之动态数组的代码实现

当底层数组已满，要添加新元素时，底层数组需要扩大两倍，当删除的元素小于数组的1/4时，数组缩小为原来的两倍，此处的底层数组的创建由ctypes模块来实现，封装在方法_make_array中。

import ctypes

class DynamicArray():
    def __init__(self):
        self._n = 0
        self._capacity = 1
        self._A = self._make_array(self._capacity)

    def __len__(self):
        return self._n

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        if not 0 <= item < self._n:
            raise IndexError('invalid index')
        return self._A[item]

    def append(self, value):
        if self._n == self._capacity:
            self._resize(2 * self._capacity)
        self._A[self._n] = value
        self._n += 1

    def pop(self):
        self._A[self._n - 1] = None
        self._n -= 1
        if self._n < self._capacity // 4:
            self._resize(self._capacity // 2)

    def _resize(self, n):
        B = self._make_array(n)
        for i in range(self._n):
            B[i] = self._A[i]
        self._A = B
        self._capacity = n

    def _make_array(self, c):
        return(c * ctypes.py_object)( )


if __name__ == '__main__':
    dd = DynamicArray()
    dd.append(2)
    dd.append(3)
    dd.pop()
    for i in dd:
        print(i)

结果为 2