spring Data Jpa——JpaRepository基本使用

spring data jpa入门操作

一、搭建环境

1、创建工程导入依赖坐标

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.xsl</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring_data_jpa</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.0.2.Final</hibernate.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2、配置spring的配置文件（配置spring Data jpa的整合）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">

    <!-- 1.dataSource 配置数据库连接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.44.130:3306/testJpa?characterEncoding=utf8" />
        <property name="user" value="root" />
        <property name="password" value="root" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 2.配置entityManagerFactory被spring容器管理 -->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!--配置实体类所在的包，会自动置入spring容器中-->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.xsl.entity" />
        <!--jpa的实现厂家-->
        <property name="persistenceProvider">
            <bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider" />
        </property>
        <!--JPA的供应商适配器-->
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <!--是否自动创建数据库表-->
                <property name="generateDdl" value="false" />
                <property name="database" value="MYSQL" />
                <!--数据库方言-->
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
                <!--是否显示sql-->
                <property name="showSql" value="true" />
            </bean>
        </property>
        <!--配置jpa方言-->
        <property name="jpaDialect">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" />
        </property>
         <!--注入jpa自动建表，这里使用hibernate精确创建-->
        <property name="jpaProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>


    <!-- 3.事务管理器-->
    <!-- JPA事务管理器  -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 整合spring data jpa-->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="com.xsl.dao"
                      transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
                      entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"></jpa:repositories>

    <!-- 4.声明式事务-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- 5.aop-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.xsl.service.*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut" />
    </aop:config>

    <!--包扫描所有spring注解-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xsl"></context:component-scan>

    <!--组装其它 配置文件-->

</beans>

3、编写实体类（UserEntity），使用jpa注解配置映射关系

package com.xsl.entity;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class UserEntity {
    @Id
    @Column(name = "id")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    @Column(name = "username")
    private String username;
    @Column(name = "password")
    private String password;

    public UserEntity(String username, String password) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "UserEntity{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public UserEntity() {
    }
}

二、编写dao层接口

dao层接口规范：
1.需要继承两个接口（JpaRepository，JpaSpecificationExecutor）
2.需要提供相应的泛型

import com.xsl.entity.UserEntity;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;

/**
 * JpaRepository<操作的实体类型，实体主键类型>
 *     封装了基本的crud操作
 * JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类类型>
 *     封装了复杂查询
 */
public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<UserEntity,Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<UserEntity> {
}

三、编写测试类测试

package com.xsl.test;

import com.xsl.dao.UserDao;
import com.xsl.entity.UserEntity;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class springDataJpaTest {
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;

    @Test
    public void save(){
        //没有主键时，添加
        userDao.save(new UserEntity("xsl","123"));
    }
    @Test
    public void findOne(){
        UserEntity one = userDao.findOne(6l);
        System.out.println(one);
    }

    @Test
    public void update(){
        UserEntity one = userDao.findOne(6l);
        one.setUsername("zh");
        one.setPassword("zh");
        userDao.save(one);
        UserEntity one1 = userDao.findOne(6l);
        System.out.println(one1);
    }

    @Test
    public void delete(){
        userDao.delete(3l);
        UserEntity userEntity = new UserEntity("xsl","123");
        userEntity.setId(4l);
        userDao.delete(userEntity);
    }

    @Test
    public void findAll(){
        List<UserEntity> all = userDao.findAll();
        System.out.println(all);
    }
}