struts2入门

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-27 02:32:39 发布

@D-zy

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-27 02:32:39 发布

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分类专栏： struts 文章标签： struts入门

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44224029/article/details/100009885

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struts入门

一、第一步：创建maven项目

创建项目：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44224029/article/details/99757077

二、第二步，了解struts

Struts2是一个兼容Struts1和WebWork的MVC框架（struts是属于web层的MVC框架），既然，提到了MVC框架，就不得不对MVC框架做一个简单介绍，仅限于简单介绍，如果，想了解更多的MVC的知识可以查看相关的文档，或者找一本Struts1的书籍，相信上面关于MVC的篇幅不会很少。言归正传，其实，Java目前出现的这些框架而言，其最终目的都是为了接触耦合，不论是Spring、Hibernate或MVC框架，目的都是为了接触耦合增加复用。MVC接触的是View和Model间的耦合。

三、第三步，入门。

pom.xml：需要创建一个struts2(核心配置文件)：

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
		</dependency>

导入图片显示：
在这里插入图片描述
每个xml都有各自的作用：
struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
    <!--struts框架自带的核心类的配置-->
	<include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
	<!--配置struts全局设置  -->
	<include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
	<!--将系统开发的每个模块分门别类，便于模块的action寻找  -->
	<include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>

struts-sy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	<action name="/user_*" class="com.DZY.one.web.mvaServlet"  method="{1}">
	<result  name="success">/text.jsp </result>
	</action> 
	</package>
</struts>

struts-base.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	<action name="/user_*" class="com.DZY.one.web.mvaServlet"  method="{1}">
	<result  name="success">/text.jsp </result>
	</action> 
	</package>
</struts>

web.xml：配置：

  <filter>
  <!--ctrl+shift+t:查找jar也就class的作用 -->
  <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  <!--搜索StrutsPre -->
  <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

创建一个类
mvaServlet

package com.DZY.one.web;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class mvaServlet extends  ActionSupport{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = -4826633177927950748L;

	public  String list() {
		System.out.println("查询所有 "+SUCCESS);
		return  SUCCESS;
	}
	
	public  String add() {
		System.out.println("增加");
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	
	public String del() {
		System.out.println("删除");
		return  SUCCESS;
	}
	
	public String edit() {
		System.out.println("修改");
		return  SUCCESS;
	}
	
}

然后创建一个jsp页面名字 test.jsp
注意加上sy
user_方法名.action
调用结果：http://localhost:8080/Y_struts/sy/user_list.action

在这里插入图片描述
http://localhost:8080/Y_struts/sy/user_del.action

四、struts与tomcat容器交互

User实体类

package com.DZY.one.entity;

public class User {
	private String uname;
	private String pwd;
	public String getUname() {
		return uname;
	}
	public void setUname(String uname) {
		this.uname = uname;
	}
	public String getPwd() {
		return pwd;
	}
	public void setPwd(String pwd) {
		this.pwd = pwd;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [uname=" + uname + ", pwd=" + pwd + "]";
	}
	public User(String uname, String pwd) {
		super();
		this.uname = uname;
		this.pwd = pwd;
	}
	public User() {
		super();
	}
	
}

DemoAction

package com.DZY.one.web;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.DZY.one.entity.User;

/**
 * jsp传递参数到后台的三种方式：
 * 	1、set传参
 * 	2、实现modeldriven接口传参（自定义mvc的做法）
 * 	3、类实例.属性传参
 * @author Aromanic150
 *
 */
public class DemoAction implements ModelDriven<User>{
	private String sex;
	private User user1 = new User();
	private User user2;
	
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public User getUser2() {
		return user2;
	}

	public void setUser2(User user2) {
		this.user2 = user2;
	}
	
	/**
	 * set传参是否成功
	 * @return
	 */
	public String test1() {
		System.out.println(sex);
		return "rs";
	}
	
	/**
	 * modeldriven接口传参是否成功
	 * @return
	 */
	public String test2() {
		System.out.println(user1);
		return "rs";
	}
	
	/**
	 * 类实例.属性传参是否成功
	 * @return
	 */
	public String test3() {
		System.out.println(user2);
		return "rs";
	}

	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		return user1;
	}
}

TomcatAction

package com.DZY.one.web;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;

import com.DZY.one.entity.User;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;


/**
 * 讲解struts与tomcat容器交互（讲后台数据传到jsp）
 * 	1、注入
 * 		耦合		使用
 * 		解耦
 * 	2、非注入
 * 		耦合		使用
 * 		解耦
 * 上面是为了获取request对象
 * 1、传参可以使用request对象进行传参
 * 2、struts特有的传参方式，叫做值栈传参
 * 		换个说法就是，只要该action有get方法，那么它就能直接在结果集中获取参数值
 * 
 * @author Aromanic150
 *
 */
public class TomcatAction implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware/*RequestAware*/{
	private HttpServletRequest request;

	private String sex;
	private User user1 = new User();
	private User user2;
	
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public User getUser2() {
		return user2;
	}

	public void setUser2(User user2) {
		this.user2 = user2;
	}
	
	/**
	 * mvc:
	 * 	HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp
	 * @return
	 */
	public String demo() {
//		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
//		request.setAttribute("rs", "测试非注入耦合方式");
		
//		request.setAttribute("rs", "测试注入耦合方式");
		
//		ActionContext context = ActionContext.getContext();
//		HttpServletRequest request=(HttpServletRequest) context.get("request的全路径名");
		
		return "rs";
	}

	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		return user1;
	}

	@Override
	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
		this.request = request;
		
	}

//	@Override
//	public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
//		this.request=(HttpServletRequest) request.get("request的全路径名");
//		
//	}

}

demo1.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>讲解传参的三种方式</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test1.action?sex=DZY">测试1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test2.action?uname=DZY&&pwd=123">测试2</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_test3.action?user2.uname=DZY&&user2.pwd=1234">测试3</a>

<h3>讲解struts与tomcat容器交互</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action">测试4</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action?sex=asd">测试5</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action?uname=zs&&pwd=123">测试6</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/tomcat_demo.action?user2.uname=ls&&user2.pwd=1234">测试7</a>
</body>
</html>

rs.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
结果页面：${rs }
sex=${sex }
user1=${user1 }
user2=${user2 }
</body>
</html>

struts-sy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
		<action name="/user_*" class="com.DZY.one.web.mvaServlet"
			method="{1}">
			<result name="success">/text.jsp </result>
		</action>
		<action name="demo_*" method="{1}" class="com.DZY.one.web.DemoAction">
			<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<action name="tomcat_*" method="{1}" class="com.DZY.one.web.TomcatAction">
			<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

显示结果：
在这里插入图片描述