Spring Bean生命周期讲解和作用

Bean生命周期讲解和作用

一、 Bean运行步骤和概括

创建（实例化-初始化）-使用-销毁，而在Spring中，Bean对象周期当然遵从这一过程，但是Spring提供了许多对外接口，允许开发者对三个过程（实例化、初始化、销毁）的前后做一些操作。

二、bean接口、方法说明

1.Bean自身方法：init-method/destroy-method，通过为配置文件bean定义中添加相应属性指定相应执行方法。

2.Bean级生命周期接口：BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean这些接口的方法。每个Bean选择实现，可选择各自的个性化操作。

3.容器级生命周期接口方法：这个包括了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 和 BeanPostProcessor 这两个接口实现（前者继承自后者），一般称它们的实现类为“后处理器”（其实我觉得这个名称对新手有误导的意思），这些接口是每个bean实例化或初始化时候都会调用。

4.工厂后处理器接口方法：这些方法也是容器级别的，但它们是在上下文装置配置文件之后调用，例如BeanFactoryPostProcessor、 CustomAutowireConfigurer等。

三、代码实现

HelloWorld

package com.DZY.bean.test;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanNameAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;

public class HelloWorld implements BeanNameAware, BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean, DisposableBean {

	private String message;

	public HelloWorld() {
		System.out.println("3.HelloWorld struct.......");
	}

	public String getMessage() {
		return message;
	}

	public void setMessage(String message) {
		this.message = message;
	}

	public void xml_init() {
		// xml开头的表示配置文件配置,这里是bean配置中init-method配置调用
		System.out.println("11.HelloWorld 初始化(init-method)");
	}

	public void xml_destroy() {
		// destroy-method 配置调用
		System.out.println("16.HelloWorld 销毁(destroy-method)");
	}

	public void setBeanName(String s) {
		// 属性注入后调用
		System.out.println("6.setBeanName(BeanNameAware) 属性注入后调用, 此时s = " + s);
	}

	public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
		// setBeanName 后调用
		System.out.println("7.setBeanFactory(BeanFactory) setBeanName后调用");
	}

	public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
		// processBeforeInitialization(BeanPostProcessor)后调用
		System.out.println("10.afterPropertiesSet(InitializingBean) processBeforeInitialization之后,配置的xml_init之前调用");
	}

	public void destroy() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("15.destroy(DisposableBean) 在processAfterInitialization之后,配置的xml_destroy之前调用");
	}

}

InitBeanPostProcessor

package com.DZY.bean.test;


import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;

/**
 * Created by fuchaochao on 16/8/12.
 */
public class InitBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object o, String s) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("8.postProcessBeforeInitialization(BeanPostProcessor), bean = " + o.getClass());
        return o;
    }

    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object o, String s) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("12.postProcessAfterInitialization(BeanPostProcessor), bean = " + o.getClass());
        return o;
    }
}

InstanceBeanPostProcessor

package com.DZY.bean.test;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.PropertyValues;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor;

import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * Created by fuchaochao on 16/8/12.
 */
public class InstanceBeanPostProcessor implements InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor {
    public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> aClass, String s) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("2.实例化bean之前调用,即调用bean类构造函数之前调用 " + aClass.getName());
        /*try {
            return Class.forName(""+aClass);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }*/
        return null;//其实我不是很明白这里返回值得作用,之后可能会去深入理解
    }

    public boolean postProcessAfterInstantiation(Object o, String s) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("4.返回boolean,bean实例化后调用,并且返回false则不会注入属性");
        return true;
    }

    public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(PropertyValues propertyValues, PropertyDescriptor[] propertyDescriptors, Object o, String s) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("5.postProcessPropertyValues,在属性注入之前调用...... beanName = " + s + " 属性名集合 : " + Arrays.toString(propertyValues.getPropertyValues()));
        //System.out.println("message = " + ((HelloWorld)o).getMessage()); 这里可以看到message还是null
        return propertyValues;//这里要返回propertyValues,否则属性无法注入
    }

    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object o, String s) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("9.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) ");
        return o;
    }

    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object o, String s) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("13.postProcessAfterInitialization(InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) ");
        return o;
    }
}

BeanFactoryPostProcessorTest

package com.DZY.bean.test;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;

/**
 * Created by fuchaochao on 16/8/12.
 */
public class BeanFactoryPostProcessorTest implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
    public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory configurableListableBeanFactory) throws BeansException {
        //configurableListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition("appcontext-service.xml");
        System.out.println("1.postProcessBeanFactory(BeanFactoryPostProcessor) 工厂后处理器, ApplicationContext容器初始化中refresh()中调用");
    }
}

SpringTest2

package com.DZY.bean.test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 *    bean  生命周期测试
 * @author Aromanic150
 *
 */
public class SpringTest2 {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/spring-context.xml");
        HelloWorld obj = (HelloWorld)context.getBean("helloWorld");
        System.out.println("14.Bean working, message = " + obj.getMessage());
//        ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)context).refresh();
       ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)context).close();
    }
}