node安装及node-sass报错的问题

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/xinaixia/p/8279015.html
参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/yezichengy/p/11510364.html

Node.js 安装及环境配置之 Windows 篇

一、安装环境

1、本机系统：Windows 10 企业版（64位）
2、Node.js：node-v8.9.4-x64.msi（64位）

二、安装Node.js步骤

1、下载对应自己系统对应的 Node.js 版本，地址：https://nodejs.org/zh-cn/
2、选安装目录进行安装
3、环境配置
4、测试

三、前期准备

1、Node.js简介

　　Node.js® 是一个基于 Chrome V8 引擎的 JavaScript 运行时。 Node.js 使用高效、轻量级的事件驱动、非阻塞 I/O 模型。它的包生态系统，npm，是目前世界上最大的开源库生态系统。

2、下载Node.js

　　官方地址：https://nodejs.org/en/ 或 https://nodejs.org/zh-cn/
　　我下载的是 node-v8.9.4-x64.msi ，如下图：　

　　

四、开始安装

　　1、下载完成后，双击“ node-v8.9.4-x64.msi ”，开始安装：

　　

　　

　　2、点击“ Next ”按钮
　　

　　3、选择安装目录，点击“ Next ”按钮

　　

　　4、选择安装项，此处我选择默认，点击“ Next ”按钮

　　

　　5、点击“ Install ”按钮，开始安装

　　

　　6、等待安装完成，点击“ Finish ”按钮完成安装

　　

五、安装完成查看

　　1、查看是否安装成功

　　A、node -v 查看 node 版本

　　B、npm -v 查看 npm 版本

　　

　　2、安装完成后，文件目录如下图

　　

　　如果 npx 为 5.2.0+，会安装一个新的包 npx。npx是一个工具，旨在提高从npm注册表使用软件包的体验 ，npm使得它非常容易地安装和管理托管在注册表上的依赖项，npx使得使用CLI工具和其他托管在注册表，大大简化了一些事情。

六、环境配置

　　此处的环境配置主要配置的是 npm 安装的全局模块所在的路径，以及缓存cache的路径，之所以要配置，是因为以后在执行类似：npm install express [-g] （后面的可选参数-g，g代表global全局安装的意思）的安装语句时，会将安装的模块安装到【C:\Users\用户名\AppData\Roaming\npm】路径中，占C盘空间。
　　例如：我希望将全模块所在路径和缓存路径放在我node.js安装的文件夹中，则在我的安装目录下创建两个文件夹【node_global】及【node_cache】如下图：

　　

　　1、设置全局目录和缓存目录，创建完两个空文件夹之后，打开cmd命令窗口，输入

　　npm config set prefix "D:\SDE\Node8.9.4\node_global"

　　npm config set cache "D:\SDE\Node8.9.4\node_cache"

　　

　　

A、将【用户变量】下的【Path】修改为【D:\SDE\Node8.9.4】

B、进入环境变量对话框，在【系统变量】下新建【NODE_PATH】，输入【D:\SDE\Node8.9.4\node_modules】，然后在系统变量的path里边设置【%NODE_PATH%】

　　修改完成，点击“ 确定 ”按钮。

到这里基本上就是配置完成了

总结一下之前配置完了之后新建vue项目安装依赖npm instsall时遇到的问题

下载失败报错，Cannot download “https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v3.13.1/win32-x64-57_binding.node”:

Downloading binary from https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v3.13.1/win32-x64-57_binding.node
Cannot download "https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v3.13.1/win32-x64-57_binding.node":

HTTP error 404 Not Found

Hint: If github.com is not accessible in your location
try setting a proxy via HTTP_PROXY, e.g.

export HTTP_PROXY=http://example.com:1234

or configure npm proxy via

npm config set proxy http://example.com:8080

> node-sass@3.13.1 postinstall E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\node-sass
> node scripts/build.js

Building: D:\nodejs\node.exe E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js rebuild --verbose --libsass_ext= --libsass_cflags= --libsass_ldflags= --libsass_library=
gyp info it worked if it ends with ok
gyp verb cli [ 'D:\\nodejs\\node.exe',
gyp verb cli 'E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js',
gyp verb cli 'rebuild',
gyp verb cli '--verbose',
gyp verb cli '--libsass_ext=',
gyp verb cli '--libsass_cflags=',
gyp verb cli '--libsass_ldflags=',
gyp verb cli '--libsass_library=' ]
gyp info using node-gyp@3.6.2
gyp info using node@8.7.0 | win32 | x64
gyp verb command rebuild []
gyp verb command clean []
gyp verb clean removing "build" directory
gyp verb command configure []
gyp verb download using dist-url https://npm.taobao.org/dist
gyp verb check python checking for Python executable "python2" in the PATH
gyp verb `which` failed Error: not found: python2
gyp verb `which` failed at getNotFoundError (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
gyp verb `which` failed at F (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
gyp verb `which` failed at E (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
gyp verb `which` failed at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:153:21)
gyp verb `which` failed python2 { Error: not found: python2
gyp verb `which` failed at getNotFoundError (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
gyp verb `which` failed at F (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
gyp verb `which` failed at E (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
gyp verb `which` failed at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:153:21)
gyp verb `which` failed stack: 'Error: not found: python2\n at getNotFoundError (E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:13:12)\n at F (E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:68:19)\n at E (E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:80:29)\n at E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:89:16\n at E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\isexe\\index.js:42:5\n at E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\isexe\\windows.js:36:5\n at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:153:21)',
gyp verb `which` failed code: 'ENOENT' }
gyp verb check python checking for Python executable "python" in the PATH
gyp verb `which` failed Error: not found: python
gyp verb `which` failed at getNotFoundError (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
gyp verb `which` failed at F (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
gyp verb `which` failed at E (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
gyp verb `which` failed at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:153:21)
gyp verb `which` failed python { Error: not found: python
gyp verb `which` failed at getNotFoundError (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
gyp verb `which` failed at F (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
gyp verb `which` failed at E (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
gyp verb `which` failed at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
gyp verb `which` failed at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:153:21)
gyp verb `which` failed stack: 'Error: not found: python\n at getNotFoundError (E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:13:12)\n at F (E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:68:19)\n at E (E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:80:29)\n at E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:89:16\n at E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\isexe\\index.js:42:5\n at E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\isexe\\windows.js:36:5\n at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:153:21)',
gyp verb `which` failed code: 'ENOENT' }
gyp verb could not find "python". checking python launcher
gyp verb could not find "python". guessing location
gyp verb ensuring that file exists: C:\Python27\python.exe
gyp ERR! configure error
gyp ERR! stack Error: Can't find Python executable "python", you can set the PYTHON env variable.
gyp ERR! stack at PythonFinder.failNoPython (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\configure.js:483:19)
gyp ERR! stack at PythonFinder.<anonymous> (E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\configure.js:508:16)
gyp ERR! stack at E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\graceful-fs\polyfills.js:284:29
gyp ERR! stack at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:153:21)
gyp ERR! System Windows_NT 6.1.7601
gyp ERR! command "D:\\nodejs\\node.exe" "E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js" "rebuild" "--verbose" "--libsass_ext=" "--libsass_cflags=" "--libsass_ldflags=" "--libsass_library="
gyp ERR! cwd E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\node-sass
gyp ERR! node -v v8.7.0
gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v3.6.2
gyp ERR! not ok
Build failed with error code: 1
npm WARN Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, scandir 'E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\har-validator\node_modules'
npm WARN { Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, scandir 'E:\zkh360\Zkh360.Web.Admin\app\node_modules\har-validator\node_modules'
npm WARN stack: 'Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, scandir \'E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\har-validator\\node_modules\'',
npm WARN errno: -4048,
npm WARN code: 'EPERM',
npm WARN syscall: 'scandir',
npm WARN path: 'E:\\zkh360\\Zkh360.Web.Admin\\app\\node_modules\\har-validator\\node_modules' }
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno 1
npm ERR! node-sass@3.13.1 postinstall: `node scripts/build.js`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Failed at the node-sass@3.13.1 postinstall script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

解决办法

npm i -g node-sass --sass_binary_site=https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node-sass/
//完了之后在下载node下打开cdm然后运行npm install，之后再在项目里边运行npm install