DM数据库备份还原

一、开启归档

使用sql语句开启归档：

sql>alter database mount;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD ARCHIVELOG 'DEST=/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG/arch, TYPE=LOCAL, FILE_SIZE=1024, SPACE_LIMIT=51200';
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

手动配置归档：

手动编辑dmarch.ini文件，保存
[ARCHIVE_LOCAL]
ARCH_TYPE           = LOCAL  #本地归档类型
ARCH_DEST           = /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG/arch/  #本地归档存放路径
ARCH_FILE_SIZE      = 1024  #单个归档大小，单位MB
ARCH_SPACE_LIMIT    = 51200  #归档上限，单位MB 业务要求修改

编辑dm.ini文件，设置arch_ini=1，保存

二、联机备份

1.数据库备份

完全备份

SQL> BACKUP DATABASE FULL BACKUPSET '/home/dm_bak/db_full_bak_01';
只备份定义不备份数据 指定DDL_CLONE（数据库克隆）参数

增量备份

SQL>BACKUP DATABASE INCREMENT WITH BACKUPDIR '/home/dm_bak' BACKUPSET 
'/home/dm_bak/db_increment_bak_02';

2.表空间备份

全量备份

SQL>BACKUP TABLESPACE 表空间名 BACKUPSET 'ts_bak_01'; 

增量备份

SQL>BACKUP TABLESPACE MAIN INCREMENT BACKUPSET 'ts_increment_bak_01'; 

增量指定备份集

SQL>BACKUP TABLESPACE MAIN INCREMENT BASE ON BACKUPSET'ts_full_bak_01' BACKUPSET 
'ts_increment_bak_02'; 

3.表备份

SQL>BACKUP TABLE TAB_01 BACKUPSET 'tab_bak_01'; 

4.归档备份

SQL>BACKUP ARCHIVE LOG ALL BACKUPSET 'arch_bak_01';

5.备份加密

数据库完全备份，创建加密密码为“cdb546”，加密算法为“rc4”，复杂数据库加密备份

SQL>BACKUP DATABASE BACKUPSET '/home/dm_bak/db_bak_for_encrypt_01' IDENTIFIED BY "cdb546" WITH ENCRYPTION 2 ENCRYPT WITH RC4; 

6.备份设置跟踪日志文件

SQL>BACKUP DATABASE BACKUPSET '/home/dm_bak/db_bak_for_trac_01'   TRACE FILE'/home/dm_log/db_bak_trace.log‘  TRACE LEVEL 2;

TRACE FILE 用于指定生成的跟踪日志文件路径；
TRACE LEVEL 表示是否启用TRACE，有效值1和2。1表示不启用TRACE功能，2表示启用，系统默认值为1

7.Disql还原

注：DIsql只能进行表空间和表的还原，库还原使用脱机工具DMRMAN

表空间还原

SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE MAIN OFFLINE; 
SQL> RESTORE TABLESPACE MAIN FROM BACKUPSET 'ts_bak_01'; 
SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE MAIN ONLINE;

表还原

表结构还原

SQL>RESTORE TABLE STRUCT TAB_FOR_RES  FROM BACKUPSET 
'/home/dm_bak/tab_bak_for_res_01'; 

表数据还原

SQL>RESTORE TABLE  TAB_FOR_RES  FROM BACKUPSET 
'/home/dm_bak/tab_bak_for_res_01'; 

三、 脱机备份

1.备份数据库

完全备份

RMAN>BACKUP DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' FULL BACKUPSET 
'/home/dm_bak/db_full_bak_01'; 

增量备份

RMAN>BACKUP DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' INCREMENT WITH BACKUPDIR 
'/home/dm_bak'BACKUPSET '/home/dm_bak/db_increment_bak_02'; 

2.备份归档

备份所有归档

RMAN>BACKUP ARCHIVE LOG ALL DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' BACKUPSET 
'/home/dm_bak/arch_all_bak_01'; 

指定lsn号备份归档

RMAN>BACKUP ARCHIVE LOG LSN BETWEEN 50000 AND 120000 
DATABASE  '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' BACKUPSET '/home/dm_bak/arch_lsn_bak_02';

3.备份加密

RMAN>BACKUP DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' 
BACKUPSET '/home/dm_bak/db_bak_for_encrypt_01' IDENTIFIED BY "cdb546789"; 

RMAN>BACKUP DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' BACKUPSET 
'/home/dm_bak/db_bak_for_encrypt_02' IDENTIFIED BY "cdb546789" ENCRYPT WITH RC4; 

4.设置跟踪日志文件

RMAN>CONFIGURE DEFAULT TRACE FILE '/home/dm_trace/trace.log' TRACE LEVEL 2; 

5.数据库还原

RMAN>RESTORE DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG_FOR_RESTORE/dm.ini' FROM 
BACKUPSET '/home/dm_bak/db_full_bak_for_restore'; 

6.数据库恢复

RMAN>RECOVER DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG_FOR_RESTORE/dm.ini' FROM 
BACKUPSET '/home/dm_bak/db_full_bak_for_recover_backupset'; 

7.更新DB_MAGIC恢复

RMAN>RECOVER DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG_FOR_RESTORE/dm.ini' UPDATE DB_MAGIC; 

8.从归档恢复

RMAN>RECOVER DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG_FOR_RESTORE/dm.ini' WITH ARCHIVEDIR'/home/dm_arch/arch' USE DB_MAGIC 1447060265;

9.恢复到指定时间点/lsn

RMAN>RECOVER DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG_FOR_RESTORE/dm.ini' WITH 
ARCHIVEDIR'/home/dm_arch/arch' USE DB_MAGIC 1447060265 UNTIL TIME'2015-11-16 10:56:40.624931'; 

RMAN>RECOVER DATABASE '/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG_FOR_RESTORE/dm.ini' WITH 
ARCHIVEDIR'/home/dm_arch/arch' USE DB_MAGIC 1447060265 UNTIL LSN 50857;