JSON和全局异常处理

目录

一、SpringMVC对JSON的支持

 1、pom依赖

2、Springmvc.xml配置

3、后台代码

①ClazzBiz

②ClazzBizImpl

③ClazzMapper.java

④ClazzMapper.xml

⑤JsonController

4、前台测试

①index.jsp

运行效果:

二、SpringMVC 的全局异常处理

1、为什么要全局异常处理

2、SpringMVC自带的简单异常处理器

3、通过HandlerExceptionResovler接口实现全局异常

①GlobalException

②GlobalExceptionHandler

③controller层

4、使用@ControllerAdvice+@ExceptionHandler实现全局异常

 5、全局异常处理JSON返回


一、SpringMVC对JSON的支持

 1、pom依赖

 <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.3</version>
    </dependency>

2、Springmvc.xml配置

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters">
            <list>
                <ref bean="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"
          class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
        <!--处理中文乱码以及避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件-->
        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
            <list>
                <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
                <value>text/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
                <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

3、后台代码

①ClazzBiz

package com.liaoxin.ssm.biz;

import com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz;
import com.liaoxin.ssm.util.PageBean;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public interface ClazzBiz {
    int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);

    int insert(Clazz record);

    int insertSelective(Clazz record);

    Clazz selectByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);

    int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Clazz record);

    int updateByPrimaryKey(Clazz record);

    List<Clazz> listPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean);

    List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean);
}

②ClazzBizImpl

package com.liaoxin.ssm.biz.impl;

import com.liaoxin.ssm.biz.ClazzBiz;
import com.liaoxin.ssm.mapper.ClazzMapper;
import com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz;
import com.liaoxin.ssm.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Service
public class ClazzBizImpl implements ClazzBiz {
    @Autowired
    private ClazzMapper clazzMapper;
    @Override
    public int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer cid) {
        return clazzMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(cid);
    }

    @Override
    public int insert(Clazz record) {
        return clazzMapper.insert(record);
    }

    @Override
    public int insertSelective(Clazz record) {
        return clazzMapper.insertSelective(record);
    }

    @Override
    public Clazz selectByPrimaryKey(Integer cid) {
        return clazzMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(cid);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Clazz record) {
        return clazzMapper.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(record);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateByPrimaryKey(Clazz record) {
        return clazzMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(record);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Clazz> listPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean) {
        return clazzMapper.listPager(clazz);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean) {
        return clazzMapper.listMapPager(clazz);
    }
}

③ClazzMapper.java

package com.liaoxin.ssm.mapper;

import com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Repository
public interface ClazzMapper {
    int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);

    int insert(Clazz record);

    int insertSelective(Clazz record);

    Clazz selectByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);

    List<Clazz> listPager(Clazz clazz);

    List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz);

    int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Clazz record);

    int updateByPrimaryKey(Clazz record);
}

④ClazzMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.liaoxin.ssm.mapper.ClazzMapper" >
  <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz" >
    <constructor >
      <idArg column="cid" jdbcType="INTEGER" javaType="java.lang.Integer" />
      <arg column="cname" jdbcType="VARCHAR" javaType="java.lang.String" />
      <arg column="cteacher" jdbcType="VARCHAR" javaType="java.lang.String" />
      <arg column="pic" jdbcType="VARCHAR" javaType="java.lang.String" />
    </constructor>
  </resultMap>
  <sql id="Base_Column_List" >
    cid, cname, cteacher, pic
  </sql>
  <select id="selectByPrimaryKey" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >
    select
    <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
    from t_struts_class
    where cid = #{cid,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </select>

  <select id="listPager" resultType="com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz" parameterType="com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz" >
    select
    <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
    from t_struts_class
    <where>
      <if test="cname != null and cname != ''">
         and cname like concat('%',#{cname},'%')
      </if>
      <if test="cid != null and cid != ''">
        and cid = #{cid}
      </if>
    </where>
  </select>

  <select id="listMapPager" resultType="java.util.Map" parameterType="com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz" >
    select
    <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
    from t_struts_class
    <where>
      <if test="cname != null and cname != ''">
        and cname like concat('%',#{cname},'%')
      </if>
      <if test="cid != null and cid != ''">
        and cid = #{cid}
      </if>
    </where>
  </select>

  <delete id="deleteByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >
    delete from t_struts_class
    where cid = #{cid,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </delete>
  <insert id="insert" parameterType="com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz" >
    insert into t_struts_class (cid, cname, cteacher, 
      pic)
    values (#{cid,jdbcType=INTEGER}, #{cname,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{cteacher,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, 
      #{pic,jdbcType=VARCHAR})
  </insert>
  <insert id="insertSelective" parameterType="com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz" >
    insert into t_struts_class
    <trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
      <if test="cid != null" >
        cid,
      </if>
      <if test="cname != null" >
        cname,
      </if>
      <if test="cteacher != null" >
        cteacher,
      </if>
      <if test="pic != null" >
        pic,
      </if>
    </trim>
    <trim prefix="values (" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
      <if test="cid != null" >
        #{cid,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
      <if test="cname != null" >
        #{cname,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="cteacher != null" >
        #{cteacher,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="pic != null" >
        #{pic,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
    </trim>
  </insert>
  <update id="updateByPrimaryKeySelective" parameterType="com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz" >
    update t_struts_class
    <set >
      <if test="cname != null" >
        cname = #{cname,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="cteacher != null" >
        cteacher = #{cteacher,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="pic != null" >
        pic = #{pic,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
    </set>
    where cid = #{cid,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </update>
  <update id="updateByPrimaryKey" parameterType="com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz" >
    update t_struts_class
    set cname = #{cname,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      cteacher = #{cteacher,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      pic = #{pic,jdbcType=VARCHAR}
    where cid = #{cid,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </update>
</mapper>

⑤JsonController

package com.liaoxin.ssm.web;

import com.liaoxin.ssm.biz.ClazzBiz;
import com.liaoxin.ssm.model.Clazz;
import com.liaoxin.ssm.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author liaoxin
 * @create 2022-08-22 16:27
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/clz/json")
public class JsonController {
    @Autowired
    private ClazzBiz clazzBiz;

    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/clzEdit")
    public String clzEdit(){
        System.out.println("JsonController.list");
        return "clzEdit";
    }

//    list<T>
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/list")
    public List<Clazz> list(HttpServletRequest request,Clazz clazz){
//        System.out.println("JsonController.list");
        PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
        pageBean.setRequest(request);
//        [{},{}]
        return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean);
    }

//    list<Map>
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/listMap")
    public List<Map> listMap(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
//        System.out.println("JsonController.list");
        PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
        pageBean.setRequest(request);
//        [{},{}]
        return
                this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean);
    }

//    Map
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/map")
    public Map map(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
    //        System.out.println("JsonController.list");
        PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
        pageBean.setRequest(request);
    //        {}
        return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
    }

//    T
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/load")
    public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
//        http://localhost:8080/clz/json/load?cid=2
        //        System.out.println("JsonController.list");
        PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
        pageBean.setRequest(request);
        //        {}
        return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
    }

//    {
//         msg:"",
//        code:200,
//        data:[],
//         pageBean:{}
//    }
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/hunhe")
    public Map hunhe(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
    //        http://localhost:8080/clz/json/load?cid=2
        PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
        pageBean.setRequest(request);
        List<Clazz> lst = this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz, pageBean);
        Map map = new HashMap();
        map.put("data",lst);
        map.put("pagebean",pageBean);
        return map;
//        return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
    }
}

4、前台测试

①index.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2022/8/22
  Time: 16:50
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>测试json数据返回</title>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/list">返回List&lt;T&gt;对象</a><hr>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/listMap">返回List&lt;Map&gt;对象</a><hr>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/load?cid=1">返回T对象</a><hr>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/map?cid=1">返回Map对象</a><hr>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/hunhe">返回混合对象</a><hr>
</body>
</html>

运行效果:

 List

List

 

 返回T对象

返回map对象

 返回混合对象

二、SpringMVC 的全局异常处理

1、为什么要全局异常处理

   我们知道,系统中异常包括:编译时异常和运行时异常RuntimeException,前者通过捕获异常从而获取异常信息,后者主要通过规范代码开发、测试通过手段减少运行时异常的发生。在开发中,不管是dao层、service层还是controller层,都有可能抛出异常,在springmvc中,能将所有类型的异常处理从各处理过程解耦出来,既保证了相关处理过程的功能较单一,也实现了异常信息的统一处理和维护。

2、SpringMVC自带的简单异常处理器

SpringMVC的配置文件

<!-- springmvc提供的简单异常处理器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
        <!-- 定义默认的异常处理页面 -->
        <property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/>
        <!-- 定义异常处理页面用来获取异常信息的变量名,也可不定义,默认名为exception -->
        <property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"/>
        <!-- 定义需要特殊处理的异常,这是重要点 -->
        <property name="exceptionMappings">
            <props>
                <prop key="java.lang.RuntimeException">error</prop>
            </props>
            <!-- 还可以定义其他的自定义异常 -->
        </property>
    </bean>

Error.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2022/8/22
  Time: 17:17
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${ex}
</body>
</html>

返回List对象

 返回List对象

3、通过HandlerExceptionResovler接口实现全局异常

先将上面SpringMVC中关于异常处理的配置取消掉

①GlobalException

package com.liaoxin.ssm.exception;

/**
 * @author liaoxin
 * @create 2022-08-22 17:20
 */
public class GlobalException extends RuntimeException{

    public GlobalException() {
        super();
    }

    public GlobalException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }

    public GlobalException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
    }

    public GlobalException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
    }

    protected GlobalException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
    }
}

②GlobalExceptionHandler

package com.liaoxin.ssm.exception;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * @author liaoxin
 * @create 2022-08-22 18:11
 */
@Component
public class GlobalExceptionHandler implements HandlerExceptionResolver {

    @Override
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) {
        ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
        mv.setViewName("error");
        if(e instanceof GlobalException){
            GlobalException globalException = (GlobalException) e;
            mv.addObject("ex",globalException);
            mv.addObject("msg","全局异常");
        }else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
            RuntimeException runtimeException = (RuntimeException) e;
            mv.addObject("ex",runtimeException.getMessage());
            mv.addObject("msg","运行时异常");
        }
        return mv;
    }
}

③controller层

//    T
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/load")
    public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
//        http://localhost:8080/clz/json/load?cid=2
        //        System.out.println("JsonController.list");
//        PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
//        pageBean.setRequest(request);
        //        {}
        if(clazz.getCid()!=null){
            List<Clazz> lst=this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,null);
            if(true)
                throw new GlobalException("错误出现在JsonController.load");
            return lst.get(0);
        }
        return null;
    }

4、使用@ControllerAdvice+@ExceptionHandler实现全局异常

GlobalExceptionResolver:

package com.liaoxin.ssm.exception;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/**
 * @author liaoxin
 * @create 2022-08-22 18:40
 */
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionResolver {
    @ExceptionHandler
    public ModelAndView handler(Exception e){
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.setViewName("error");
        if(e instanceof GlobalException){
            GlobalException globalException = (GlobalException) e;
            mv.addObject("ex",globalException.getMessage());
            mv.addObject("msg","全局异常");
        }else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
            RuntimeException runtimeException = (RuntimeException) e;
            mv.addObject("ex",runtimeException.getMessage());
            mv.addObject("msg","运行时异常..");
        }
        return mv;
    }
}

 5、全局异常处理JSON返回

GlobalExceptionJsonResolver:

package com.liaoxin.ssm.exception;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author liaoxin
 * @create 2022-08-22 18:50
 */
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionJsonResolver {
    @ExceptionHandler
    public Map handler(Exception e){
        Map map = new HashMap();
        if(e instanceof GlobalException){
            GlobalException globalException = (GlobalException) e;
            map.put("ex",globalException.getMessage());
            map.put("msg","全局异常");
        }else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
            RuntimeException runtimeException = (RuntimeException) e;
            map.put("ex",runtimeException.getMessage());
            map.put("msg","运行时异常");
        }
        return map;
    }
}

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