无源滤波器设计与选型

本文详细介绍了无源滤波器的设计与选型,包括RC滤波器、π型RC滤波器、LC滤波器和π型LC滤波器。重点讨论了它们在抑制电源纹波、提高信号质量中的应用,并提供了具体的设计参数和实例,强调了在LDO后不建议添加LC滤波器的原因。

摘要生成于 C知道 ,由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持, 前往体验 >

无源滤波器设计与选型

简介:

无源滤波器,顾名思义,就是不需要额外提供电源。滤波器一般是由电容器、电感和电阻适当组合而成。

有源滤波器就需要用到运放等。

无源滤波电路的结构简单,易于设计,但它的通带放大倍数及其截止频率都随负载而变化,因而不适用于信号处理要求高的场合,一般我是用来接在DC-DC的电源后面消除纹波干扰,因为DC-DC电源虽然效率高,但是由于开关管的噪声会导致输出电压具有纹波,这种直流电压如果直接给运放等芯片供电的话明显是不合格的。

在B站的一篇文章里写到LC输出滤波器可以抑制电源的高频纹波,可以与电源故有的输出电容构成π型滤波,受到大家的喜爱,但它对电源的动态性能有巨大影响,有可能引起自激振荡。这是由于LDO内部有着极为复杂的补偿电路,但它基本为阻性负载设计。

因此在这里不建议在LDO后面再添加LC滤波。

1、RC滤波器

RC滤波器实际上是电阻器和电容器形成的与频率相关的分压器。

https://img.pandior.ink/20210802003800.png

当输入信号的频率低时,电容的阻抗相对于电阻的阻抗高, 因此,大部分输入电压在电容上(即负载两端)

当输入频率较高时,电容器的阻抗相对于电阻器的阻抗较低,这意味着电容上的电压降低,并且较少的电压传输到负载。

因此,低频通过并且高频被阻挡,这就是低通滤波器!

当然,这是一个定型的描述,在实际电路设计中我们需要一个准确的,能定量描述的方式帮助我们设计电路。

  • 截止频率

信号在经过滤波器以后不会引起显着衰减的频率范围称为通带,显著衰减的频率范围称为阻带。

RC低通滤波器的截止频率实际上是输入信号幅度降低3dB的频率(选择该值是因为幅度降低3dB对应于功率降低50%)

https://img.pandior.ink/20210802004726.png

一般截止频率为 f c = 1 2 π R C f_c=\frac {1}{2\pi RC} fc=2πR

滤波器设计软件FilterLab v2.0 Release Notes for FilterLab v2.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents ----------------------------------------------------------------- * What's New in v2.00 * How to Contact Microchip ------------------------------------------------------------ What's New in v2.00 ------------------------------------------------------------ Highpass Butterworth Salen-Key Filters Highpass Chebychev Salen-Key Filters Bandpass Butterworth Multiple Feedback Filters Bandpass Chebychev Multiple Feedback Filters Filter Selection Wizard Spice Listing View Radian Phase View Copy Spice Listing to Clipboard Copy Circuit to clipboard Copy Response Chart to Clipboard Save Response as JPEG Save/Open Projects ----------------------------------------------------------------- How to Contact Microchip ----------------------------------------------------------------- Online Support --------------- Microchip provides online support on the Microchip World Wide Web (WWW) site. The web site is used by Microchip as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. To view the site, you must have access to the Internet and a web browser such as Netscape or Microsoft Explorer. Files are also available for FTP download from our FTP site. Connecting to the Microchip Internet Web Site --------------------------------------------- The Microchip web site is available by using your favorite Internet browser to attach to: http://www.microchip.com The file transfer site is available by using an FTP service to connect to: ftp://ftp.microchip.com The web site and file transfer site provide a variety of services. Users may download files for the latest development tools, data sheets, application notes, User's guides, articles, and sample programs. A variety information specific to the business of Microchip is also available, including listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives. Other data available for consideration is: * Latest Microchip Press Releases * Technical Support Section with Frequently Asked Questions * Design Tips * Device Errata * Job Postings * Microchip Consultant Program Member Listing * Links to other useful web sites related to Microchip Products * Conferences for products, Development Systems, technical information and more * Listing of seminars and events ----------------------------------------------------------------- Installation ----------------------------------------------------------------- To install with the single file executable: Save the executable to a directory on your hard drive. Select Run from the Start menu. Type in the directory and executable file name and click OK. Follow the instructions on the installation program's dialog boxes. To install from a CD: Select Run from the Start menu. Select Setup.exe on the CD. Click OK. Follow the instructions on the installation program's dialog box
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值