Bird.java
package HuntBird;
public abstract class Bird {
protected swim s;
protected fly f;
//注入实现类接口对象
public void setSwim(swim s) {
this.s=s;
}
public void setFly(fly f) {
this.f=f;
}
public abstract void show();
}
canFly.java
package HuntBird;
public class canFly implements fly{
public void showFly() {
System.out.print("能展翅高飞!");
}
}
canSwim.java
package HuntBird;
public class canSwim implements swim{
public void showSwim() {
System.out.print("能游的很快");
}
}
Client.java
package HuntBird;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Bird> bird=new ArrayList<Bird>();
bird.add(new gezi());
bird.add(new laoying());
bird.add(new qie());
while(true) {
System.out.println("\n"+"请输入你要测试的鸟儿:1代表鸽子,2代表老鹰,3代表企鹅");
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
int i=scanner.nextInt();
bird.get(i-1).show();
}
}
}
fly.java
package HuntBird;
public interface fly {
public abstract void showFly();
}
gezi.java
package HuntBird;
public class gezi extends Bird{
public void show() {
setFly(new canFly());
setSwim(new noSwim());
System.out.print("鸽子");
s.showSwim();
System.out.println(" ");
f.showFly();
}
}
Laoyin.java
package HuntBird;
public class laoying extends Bird{
public void show() {
setFly(new canFly());
setSwim(new noSwim());
System.out.print("老鹰");
s.showSwim();
System.out.println(" ");
f.showFly();
}
}
noFly.java
package HuntBird;
public class noFly implements fly{
public void showFly() {
System.out.print("不能飞!");
}
}
noSwim.java
package HuntBird;
public class noSwim implements swim{
public void showSwim() {
System.out.print("不会游泳");
}
}
Qie.java
package HuntBird;
public class qie extends Bird{
public void show() {
setFly(new noFly());
setSwim(new canSwim());
System.out.print("企鹅");
s.showSwim();
System.out.println(" ");
f.showFly();
}
}
Swim.java
package HuntBird;
public interface swim {
public abstract void showSwim();
}
优点:
(1)分离抽象接口及其实现部分。桥接模式使用“对象间的关联关系”解耦了抽象和实现之间固有的绑定关系,使得抽象和实现可以沿着各自的维度来变化。所谓抽象和实现沿着各自维度的变化,也就是说抽象和实现不再在同一个继承层次结构中,而是“子类化”它们,使它们各自都具有自己的子类,以便任何组合子类,从而获得多维度组合对象。
(2)在很多情况下,桥接模式可以取代多层继承方案,多层继承方案违背了“单一职责原则”,复用性较差,且类的个数非常多,桥接模式是比多层继承方案更好的解决方法,它极大减少了子类的个数。
(3)桥接模式提高了系统的可扩展性,在两个变化维度中任意扩展一个维度,都不需要修改原有系统,符合“开闭原则”。
缺点:
(1)桥接模式的使用会增加系统的理解与设计难度,由于关联关系建立在抽象层,要求开发者一开始就针对抽象层进行设计与编程。
(2)桥接模式要求正确识别出系统中两个独立变化的维度,因此其使用范围具有一定的局限性,如何正确识别两个独立维度也需要一定的经验积累。