Java实现多线程交替打印ABC

实现java通4个线程顺序打印ABC四个字母，第一个线程打印A，第二个线程打印B，第三个线程打印C，每个线程打印10次

基于synchronized+wait/notify

public class printABC {

    private volatile static int state = 0;
    private static final Object lock = new Object();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
        lock.lock();
        Thread A = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
                    synchronized (lock){
                        while (state%3!=0){
                            try {
                                lock.wait();
                            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                    System.out.println("A");
                    state++;
                    lock.notifyAll();
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        Thread B = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
                    synchronized(lock){
                        while (state%3!=1){
                            try {
                                lock.wait();
                            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                    System.out.println("B");
                    state++;
                    lock.notifyAll();
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        Thread C = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public  void run() {
                for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
                    synchronized(lock){
                        while (state%3!=2){
                            try {
                                lock.wait();
                            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                    System.out.println("C");
                    state++;
                    lock.notifyAll();
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        A.start();
        B.start();
        C.start();
    }
}

基于ReentrantLock+Condition

实现方式如下，可以看到核心方法为将wait和notifyAll转换为await和signal，好处是可以做特定线程的唤醒。最后因为增加的是reetrantLock锁，所以要在finally代码块中对lock对象进行解锁

public class MultiConditionPrintABC {
    private static Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private static Condition conditionA = lock.newCondition();
    private static Condition conditionB = lock.newCondition();
    private static Condition conditionC = lock.newCondition();
    private static int state = 0;

    static class ThreadA implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                lock.lock();
                try {
                    while (state % 3 != 0) {
                        conditionA.await();
                    }
                    System.out.print("A");
                    state++;
                    conditionB.signal();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    static class ThreadB implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                lock.lock();
                try {
                    while (state % 3 != 1) {
                        conditionB.await();
                    }
                    System.out.print("B");
                    state++;
                    conditionC.signal();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    static class ThreadC implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                lock.lock();
                try {
                    while (state % 3 != 2) {
                        conditionC.await();
                    }
                    System.out.print("C");
                    state++;
                    conditionA.signal();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new ThreadA()).start();
        new Thread(new ThreadB()).start();
        new Thread(new ThreadC()).start();
    }
}