Codeforces Round #581 (Div. 2) d1,d2
【题意】：给一个二进制的子串，然后，问包含0最多的另一个子串是什么，其中这个子串要求任何一个区间的子序列的最长不下降子串要求和原来一样长
【题解】：其实就是一个结论题啦，要保证是一样的话，那么就是要再是适当的时候下降，那么就是后面又几个0，那么前面就是要有多少个1
# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string s;
long long ans=0;
cin>>s;
for(int i=s.size()-1;i>=0;i--){
if(s[i]=='0') ans++;
else{
if(ans) ans--;
else s[i]='0';
}
}
cout<<s<<endl;
return 0;
}
2008-2009 ACM-ICPC, NEERC, Southern Subregional Contest B
【题意】有n个拉丁字母，m个由这n个拉丁字母组成的单词，将这些拉丁字母组合成键，要求键个数最小而且每一个单词用键去表示的序列不能是一样的。
【题解1】用dfs去搜索
枚举键的总个数，然后暴力判断每一个字母在哪个位置，但是这样写会T，要再加一个优化，就是如果当前这个键的字母的个数为0，那么说明当前这个字母在这个键上是不可以的，在其他空键上还是不可以，那么当前的安排就是不合理的所以就直接return就可以了。
# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN=60;
char s[MAXN][2];
int part[30];//每一个字母的位置
int sum[30];
int n,m;
bool check()
{
for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
for(int j=i+1;j<m;j++){
int a0,b0;
a0=s[i][0]-'a';
b0=s[j][0]-'a';
if(a0==b0||(part[a0]==part[b0]&&part[a0]!=-1)){
int a1,b1;
a1=s[i][1]-'a';
b1=s[j][1]-'a';
if(a1==b1||(part[a1]==part[b1]&&part[a1]!=-1)){
return false;
}
}
}
}
return true;
}
int dfs(int now,int len)
{
int flag;
flag=check();
if(flag==0) return 0;
if(now==n) return 1;
for(int i=1;i<=len;i++){
part[now]=i;
sum[i]++;
if(dfs(now+1,len)) return 1;
part[now]=-1;
sum[i]--;
if(sum[i]==0) return 0;
}
return 0;
}
int main()
{
int cnt=0;
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
memset(part,-1,sizeof(part));
memset(sum,0,sizeof(sum));
for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
scanf("%s",s[i]);
}
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
if(dfs(0,i)){cnt=i; break;}
}
printf("%d\n",cnt);
for(int i=1;i<=cnt;i++){
for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
if(part[j]==i) printf("%c",'a'+j);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
/*
13 12
kg
bh
fk
bb
ma
ik
am
al
ah
aj
ab
ag
*/
【题解2】随机+贪心
对1-n个拉丁字母随机排序，然后贪心的去找，先把第一个字母放在1键上，然后再判断第二个字母能不能放在1键上，如果可以就放在1键上，不可以就新开一个2键，同样第三个字母也是这么判断，看能不能放在1、2键上，如果可以就放，不可以就新开一个键放。这样随机1000次，取最小的就可以了。
# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
char s[20];
int p[20];
char ss[70][5];
int mp[70][2];
int minp[20];
int ff[30][30];
int main()
{
for(int i=0;i<13;i++){
s[i]='a'+i;
}
int n,m;
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
getchar();
for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
scanf("%c%c",&ss[i][0],&ss[i][1]);
getchar();
}
int minn=1e9;
for(int i=0;i<1e3;i++){
random_shuffle(s,s+n);
int last=1;
memset(p,0,sizeof(p));
for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
if(j==0){
p[s[j]-'a']=1;
for(int l=0;l<m;l++){
for(int q=0;q<2;q++){
if(ss[l][q]==s[j]) mp[l][q]=p[s[j]-'a'];
else mp[l][q]=ss[l][q]-'a'+14;
}
}
}else{
int flagg=1;
for(int k=1;k<=last;k++){
int flag=1;
p[s[j]-'a']=k;
memset(ff,0,sizeof(ff));
for(int l=0;l<m;l++){
for(int q=0;q<2;q++){
if(ss[l][q]==s[j]) mp[l][q]=p[s[j]-'a'];
else{ if(mp[l][q]==0) mp[l][q]=ss[l][q]-'a'+14;}
}
ff[mp[l][0]][mp[l][1]]++;
}
for(int l=1;l<=26;l++){
for(int q=1;q<=26;q++){
if(ff[l][q]>1){
flag=0;
break;
}
}
if(flag==0) break;
}
if(flag){ flagg=0;break; }
}
if(flagg){
last++,p[s[j]-'a']=last;
for(int l=0;l<m;l++){
for(int q=0;q<2;q++){
if(ss[l][q]==s[j]) mp[l][q]=p[s[j]-'a'];
else{ if(mp[l][q]==0) mp[l][q]=ss[l][q]-'a'+14;}
}
}
}
}
}
if(minn>last){
minn=last;
for(int j=0;j<n;j++) minp[j]=p[j];
}
}
printf("%d\n",minn);
for(int i=1;i<=minn;i++){
for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
if(minp[j]==i) printf("%c",'a'+j);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
/*
13 12
kg
bh
fk
bb
ma
ik
am
al
ah
aj
ab
ag
13 12
cg
lf
hc
ll
am
ec
ma
mb
mf
md
ml
mg
*/
Codeforces Round #582 (Div. 3) D1,D2
【题意】每一个数可以被除2，每次除2算一次操作，问使得当前的序列中最多的数的个数大于k的最少的操作次数
【题解】我们可以预处理出变成 i 需要 j 步的数的个数有多少，然后枚举最后到的数是什么，取最小的就可以了。
# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN=2e5+100;
int a[100];
int m[MAXN];
int mp[MAXN];
int dp[MAXN][20];
int main()
{
int n,k;
int maxx=0,minn=1e9;
memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));
scanf("%d %d",&n,&k);
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
m[a[i]]++;
mp[a[i]]=1;
maxx=max(maxx,m[a[i]]);
dp[a[i]][0]=m[a[i]];
}
if(maxx>=k) minn=0;
sort(a+1,a+n+1);
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
int c=0;
int aa=a[i];
while(aa){
c++;
aa=aa/2;
mp[aa]=1;
dp[aa][c]++;
}
}
for(int i=0;i<=2e5;i++){
if(mp[i]){
int c=0,cnt=0;
for(int j=0;j<20;j++){
c+=dp[i][j];
cnt+=j*dp[i][j];
if(c>=k){
cnt-=j*(c-k);
minn=min(minn,cnt);
break;
}
}
}
}
printf("%d",minn);
return 0;
}
2019上海网络赛 B
【题意】开关原来是关着的，一共有n个开关，m个操作，每次操作给一个区间，代表把这个区间中的所有的开关都扳动开关一次，问最后有多少灯是亮着的
【题解】用一个pair存一下区间和标记，算一下前缀和得到每一段的状态
# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN=2e3+100;
pair<int,int> p[MAXN];
int main()
{
int T;
int cass=0;
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--){
int n,m;
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
cass++;
int tot=0;
for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){
int l,r;
scanf("%d%d",&l,&r);
p[++tot]=make_pair(l,1);
p[++tot]=make_pair(r+1,-1);
}
sort(p+1,p+tot+1);
int now=0;
int ans=0;
int sum=0;
for(int i=1;i<=tot;i++){
if(now!=p[i].first){
if(sum&1) ans+=p[i].first-now;
now=p[i].first;
}
sum+=p[i].second;
}
if(sum&1) ans+=n-now;
printf("Case #%d: %d\n",cass,ans);
}
return 0;
}
2019上海网络赛 D
【题意】给定一个N。求限定长度的序列中，哪些求和等于连乘
【题解】dfs深搜打表
# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
int b[4000];
LL ans=0;
LL mod=1e9+7;
LL cal(int n)
{
LL cnt=1;
for(int i=2;i<=n;i++){
cnt=cnt*i%mod;
}
return cnt;
}
LL mul(LL a,LL b,LL mod)
{
LL res=0;
while(b){
if(b&1) res=(res+a)%mod;
a=(a+a)%mod;
b>>=1;
}
return res;
}
LL quick_pow(LL a,LL b,LL mod)
{
LL ret=1;
while(b){
if(b&1) ret=mul(ret,a,mod);
a=mul(a,a,mod);
b>>=1;
}
return ret;
}
void dfs(int n,int now,int minn,int a,LL sum,LL pi)
{
if(a>12||a>n||now>n) return ;
for(int i=minn;i<=3000;i++){
now++;
sum+=i;
pi*=i;
if(b[i]==0) a++;
b[i]++;
if((sum+n-now)==pi){
//cout<<"@@@"<<sum<<" "<<pi<<" "<<now<<endl;
LL fz=cal(n);
LL fm=1;
for(int j=1;j<=3000;j++){
if(j==1){
LL cnt=cal(n-now);
// cout<<1<<" "<<cnt<<endl;
fm=quick_pow(cnt,mod-2,mod);
// cout<<"fm"<<fm<<endl;
fz=fz*fm%mod;
// cout<<"fz"<<"@@@"<<fz<<endl;
}
if(b[j]){
// cout<<i<<" "<<j<<" "<<b[j]<<endl;
LL cnt=cal(b[j]);
// cout<<j<<" "<<cnt<<endl;
fm=quick_pow(cnt,mod-2,mod);
// cout<<"fm"<<fm<<endl;
fz=fz*fm%mod;
}
}
// cout<<"fz"<<fz<<endl;
ans=(ans+fz)%mod;
}
if(pi>(sum+n-now)){
sum-=i;
pi/=i;
b[i]--;
now--;
if(b[i]==0) a--;
return ;
}
dfs(n,now,max(i,minn),a,sum,pi);
sum-=i;
pi/=i;
b[i]--;
now--;
if(b[i]==0) a--;
}
return ;
}
int main()
{
freopen("stateout","w",stdout);
for(int i=2;i<=3000;i++){
dfs(i,0,2,0,0,1);
printf("%lld,",ans);
ans=0;
memset(b,0,sizeof(b));
}
return 0;
}
// 1 6 12 40 30 84 224 144 135
AC代码
# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int p[3100]={0,0,1,6,12,40,30,84,224,144,135,715,627,1326,1274,420,480,2720,5202,16530,3800,2590,924,16951,552,9300,68575,82134,21168,24360,165300,3720,45632,199584,2244,22015,2520,29304,77330,57798,398320,1285760,4255062,81270,41624,48510,97290,1479889,106032,11760,180075,132600,3254004,429936,1267866,38115,2293060,20948298,40667106,299425,208860,2325320,344162,7394058,7636608,82875520,8580,305118,4013836,171258,173880,11850965,70320672,1866318,14396330,4872900,17100,895356,468468,499122,252800,20509200,7012845,1391827,578676,25229190,26418340,211474989,784847184,497121123,15339150,49140,393484,1972158,821748,2924575,53598240,55872,45638306,15086610,753390000,50040450,417498852,18788230,1649648,1168440,1202040,63736369,2461428,68719050,162308630,564673856,24864,5916680,12882,83753235,89751520,869785371,124424274,827222264,916501173,142157979,2679303,3661464,39416252,40718500,31500,4096512,135201152,132178560,5399940,191928100,764103895,303683688,755446880,403450390,878166801,7620488,63013698,181404174,188003060,1490370,40044,7198477,2965248,73807320,222581380,897305600,3241644,486312756,838638473,668099857,87240552,277345965,3652110,279481895,569777520,909958004,17438618,102598248,6080160,331917600,704201656,12886128,6522608,11108130,856576600,6916639,773139192,393768648,453484704,5029110,10088316,597113652,30102,2755725,479740800,6824611,490800468,6727676,453731610,810770040,174453052,127995139,76742980,579462920,6400260,197469008,621276832,63131059,3519180,655161515,315686842,28570176,246855106,708291090,7567560,468395047,15329358,7998606,803840600,57548093,624161197,809432154,689858065,197982428,630455180,357065367,320910720,936082576,87780,963476640,74767476,379431305,9754548,380663735,10031040,156955682,25639852,20815512,5347980,198166963,886901487,225570529,242056473,501024386,533868153,603037815,920524624,245275990,718210895,212520,12540528,543375195,461026027,32361615,540843679,392427831,168324999,208713599,700359503,28225920,380401421,67909312,81646278,630637420,1293931,889031838,949548624,259817649,549967486,898626104,686911972,56583450,24419560,817851652,16842240,891525490,17040642,862442760,43568980,561311662,17984466,437032941,809577120,18959160,388056851,262408964,560202110,38713404,657023276,821728799,818922105,190585256,635328541,948130242,157183696,704797050,309867908,277830386,51523419,134870012,749747645,184738215,448245518,318027562,275886879,333883532,395070958,48524256,475894014,49114980,236370917,784569639,979573108,921821882,773970379,110038107,105145128,235499832,26910000,64267522,208632348,110356236,214584532,461333294,560051640,903997718,590609103,218012655,780213045,692419287,439786580,279209594,383153779,93074310,814843017,988535918,205584668,145543973,54218796,420841210,489026136,101531951,476789328,74482200,664404815,556029323,35179968,106293320,217140,72747180,127035152,215692694,111253064,388964221,61191507,848268878,659514248,487518216,265388569,771127213,748161940,681164077,541338475,70311036,85182422,882943718,804827001,59357303,21376250,43611750,43737408,807625711,44111586,713948361,860057995,984432333,137008032,883198273,305220824,581376307,283279826,758860975,670467540,619538990,874650824,656833322,504482780,851303417,791600048,321615528,207289111,969710687,224897578,969569932,975009846,12704182,147213128,181988425,550724752,138047730,536076394,19423120,474768550,534347422,277774654,873715625,305094536,448946783,855709629,60538530,209522824,693786590,927479183,18760111,123571800,467930686,548061617,339961478,377197825,929122116,510292238,260505648,898560496,606820688,73823363,167968493,753754165,643514715,617757502,468134774,139190904,429596203,499872283,804316856,158784988,500436898,330820304,833779290,309908865,798032191,19144628,330236216,227597688,791835097,548987726,78035958,933622580,464458901,606535622,336637759,837971159,466100351,501035131,722499131,998404247,40098260,401772714,106748090,42495200,86735880,877149,383556205,196692,263769300,896584125,250541410,706926755,322185268,663522473,595974710,915622764,342038221,55675413,585447394,719165182,809889789,569918083,97217522,72682038,663560186,103370673,909754905,634643969,791101815,701424289,688651692,481800017,873272360,331481464,944159323,607048176,450140201,307580852,633067279,507471325,680972531,932698257,847108034,329935200,841861733,931230222,86653572,298186557,317306433,382511484,941206421,998651093,269587042,223414638,901347339,381257681,299192826,716507553,865165128,88498570,843173027,268662409,919135809,671588778,222222296,816798687,794783532,382042584,329002916,363573101,606409032,111669003,820596994,868832953,599417016,293953140,806616576,764889370,63761101,853583648,276375792,65522872,998575523,883199315,676000997,149580165,348663191,678678481,255020512,485229036,109282577,448477583,149990544,76877264,304513527,150568236,655124776,151988148,534097455,270093859,221569978,619992276,544538574,150812922,389192157,202124556,637466796,904314865,928886810,154958903,986123802,493231088,174281319,670239135,62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644072860,608828254,679830843,408364825,819994273,708409577,33289493,729955094,596908384,552676290,804063672,642210283,87969249,139856655,573837082,585204162,709919080,62019450,690340904,134375538,239873992,248897451,344866625,929545102,553885732,378658393,844885049,839814934,567317169,38067232,429000062,781481111,237895107,782073191,337473894,141506057,492977927,460288582,745195402,482110822,102004165,152293447,685882358,485879386,848080146,599355957,488608364,19053402,423318689,471333487,188166164,302107539,372743633,177700432,978971079,366701808,401596902,927509072,171361096,95127688,424301456,399542853,768237456,601860578,499990629,187805495,191279700,481600043,305424704,222429969,602590712,904063876,842352983,944208736,819657360,49463685,538026209,906352779,419674963,930518965,778141124,255585286,33994747,519787112,79986460,226108045,524476702,27656221,255579862,646238174,847099521,272965646,865493485,385727148,126314306,37843618,788938122,618363112,928198145,400264960,871653169,62240715,364773082,617467205,972975522,710291243,636653364,440799981,141210740,57867049,423646746,714493511,177625722,617783970,274650380,687499716,611743818,664745550,378779532,204366492,162895731,549949937,442481335,525455322,740477352,481424096,305714815,51047601,438699099,262169947,133720731,478955102,436063979,595492260,936083246,863122159,945175103,263539607,510732407,282342468,686191734,492765857,436266853,1776510,904247837,612920718,48007182,239884386,11204682,40517916,620896715,428051563,228035641,81480630,987941217,506734291,827420210,315533927,873321075,194012513,701591193,469021066,977224823,287810653,418116475,229914328,680362293,685870845,221377050,217438428,436976820,956610315,609746286,995059943,834130154,620333413,129424212,85123869,684341657,372232483,849850868,39008962,334692007,441172896,441332548,832399170,559399752,817223339,368656463,508150161,982500386,805756404,361093783,782516904,227697402,552864398,376648315,131219359,824310464,88378402,105093721,931111394,978424570,462045876,775812495,375392919,974899300,472606090,544185580,50284084,401130151,414301598,593630705,917370510,658630453,411490799,178655844,380745385,325174122,3082222,682403282,550267455,841077458,610783619,361233023,793693746,460107087,799438353,760107599,52044074,119468097,44303927,132339297,573405675,272388138,43419227,411058183,220220432,611745919,805350568,970746014,764062232,393882739,983284303,272507287,577270472,846617654,491819287,206119318,521558324,910021282,639310249,620356611,64059745,687961292,625991240,25907400,59892214,88040640,776895239,818968695,160783525,954869542,293693723,468987937,446082996,916942884,311292313,658592565,634756596,70358162,210975824,253238476,832920931,963525669,882776534,763829888,717755102,134562859,992220619,532109146,425961811,493677646,107786653,207818522,196066339,111474900,257644627,274562332,307727812,717836315,326865766,873090201,124492385,846032717,722268565,757127484,332116994,432329903,443274582,610441402,698528081,310044953,260046011,554112619,703742007,402774419,292306979,760774539,402066147,752998364,271696960,177313912,309878494,540104932,779043454,569185053,160233288,325474984,756301940,892820990,500053160,231334896,794606267,404678875,980732369,283755839,368386613,86296858,67762572,75074675,991932675,688983358,913104550,786957021,879078663,146575829,191767008,638549864,146213572,79225954,65949125,267399617,616601372,31296380,534786460,871570500,417735380,771785110,376385944,154401309,234734748,631694290,542886380,102226975,785537721,242796494,777292172,650777687,121632024,490436396,331066103,939668693,433716263,980024850,797678562,305812176,982021027,688100320,829876446,125002285,364614521,219921143,245211624,309829642,43455167,364536486,85737790,425628595,859372492,471784346,403385340,96571820,837277437,386811318,745690100,28585286,438708382,6635488,915376438,487080701,247830110,935059609,76336473,816549921,272103268,768416972,859456661,463819251,32608561,698776266,688501880,939605786,5192087,844383395,550698387,396220525,25232358,122324978,874042807,493690026,447201459,855822480,585455069,894491961,989605241,539114271,273794598,517458429,753561258,41854924,936179443,534463507,784177424,645763670,839030396,385673367,619137125,536106422};
int mod=1e9+7;
int main()
{
int T;
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--){
int n;
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("%d\n",p[n]%mod);
}
return 0;
}
hdu 5 1001
【题意】就是求最小的b使得线性同余方程 a ≡ bx ( mod p)成立，其中a<b，p是质数，x<p。
【题解】根据线性同余方程可以推出一个不等式，0 < bx-kp = a < b , p/x < b/k < p/(x-1) , 如果左右边界同时向下取整是同一个数，那么整个式子同时减去这个整数然后整个式子取倒数，否则，那么就是取比左边界大的整数。
# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
LL fz,fm;
LL p,x;
void faction(LL lz,LL lm,LL rz,LL rm,LL o)
{
LL l=lz/lm,r=rz/rm;
if(l!=r){
fz=l+1;
fm=1;
return ;
}
LL zl=lz,ml=lm,zr=rz,mr=rm;
lz=mr,lm=zr-o*mr,rz=ml,rm=zl-o*ml;
faction(lz,lm,rz,rm,lz/lm);
LL zf=fz,mf=fm;
fz=mf+zf*o,fm=zf;
return ;
}
int main()
{
int T;
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--){
scanf("%lld %lld",&p,&x);
LL l=p/x,r=p/(x-1);
LL b,k,a;
faction(p,x,p,x-1,l);
b=fz,k=fm;
a=b*x-k*p;
cout<<a<<"/"<<b<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
/*
3
11 7
998244353 554580197
998244353 998244352
*/
Editor HDU 4699
就是两个栈模拟一下，对顶栈，（1）对于当前的sum求和的时候下标直接用当前前面的一个栈的size代替就可以；（2）还要注意字符的读入空格会有影响要加getchar；（3）还有stack.pop()之前要注意判断stack是不是空的。
# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
stack<int> a,b;
const int MAXN=1e6+100;
const int INF=1e9;
int sum[MAXN],f[MAXN];
void init()
{
memset(sum,0,sizeof(sum));
memset(f,0,sizeof(f));
f[0]=-INF;
while(!a.empty()) a.pop();
while(!b.empty()) b.pop();
return ;
}
int main()
{
int Q;
while(~scanf("%d",&Q)){
init();
int l;
for(int i=1;i<=Q;i++){
char c;
getchar();
scanf("%c",&c);
if(c=='I'){
int x;
scanf("%d",&x);
a.push(x);
l=a.size();
sum[l]=sum[l-1]+x;
f[l]=max(f[l-1],sum[l]);
}else if(c=='D'){
if(!a.empty()){
a.pop();
}
}else if(c=='L'){
int x;
if(!a.empty()){
x=a.top();
a.pop();
b.push(x);
}
}else if(c=='R'){
int x;
if(!b.empty()){
x=b.top();
b.pop();
a.push(x);
l=a.size();
sum[l]=sum[l-1]+x;
f[l]=max(f[l-1],sum[l]);
}
}else if(c=='Q'){
int x;
scanf("%d",&x);
printf("%d\n",f[x]);
}
}
}
return 0;
}
/*
8
I 2
I -1
I 1
Q 3
L
D
R
Q 2
*/
ZZU 10.1 A
【题意】给定n个1e6范围内的数，然后选取k个数（其中k>=20），让这k个数或运算结果最大
【题解】1e6在2^20范围内，那么每次取一个数的时候去考虑一位是不是1就可以了，如果没有那么这一位为1肯定取不到，否则一定可以取到，那么直接把所有的数进行一次或运算就可以了
# include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN=1e5+100;
int a[MAXN];
int main()
{
int T;
freopen("looking.in","r",stdin);
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--){
int k,n;
int cnt=0;
scanf("%d%d",&n,&k);
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
cnt=cnt|a[i];
}
printf("%d\n",cnt);
}
return 0;
}
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