JUC（6）——阻塞队列_juc6.690.00046343通病-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44469202/article/details/117012095

文章目录

阻塞队列

阻塞队列

1.什么是阻塞队列？

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顾名思义，阻塞队列就是一个队列，如图，线程1向队列中添加元素，而线程2从队列中移除元素；

当队列满时，向队列中添加元素时就会阻塞，直至其他线程从队列中移除元素；当队列空时，从队列中移除元素时就会阻塞，直至其他元素向队列中添加元素；

2.为什么要使用阻塞队列？

在concurrent包发布之前，需要认为的控制线程的阻塞与唤醒；但随着concurrent包的发布，我们使用阻塞队列时，不用再去担心线程的阻塞与唤醒，这一切全部被阻塞队列包办了。

3.阻塞队列的分类

ArrayBlockingQueue 由数组组成的有界阻塞队列
LinkedBlockingQueue 由链表组成的有界阻塞队列<但其大小默认值为Integer.MAX_VALUE>
SyschronousQueue 不存储元素的阻塞队列（零库存）,单个元素的阻塞队列，也就是生产一个消费一个
PriorityBlockingQueue 支持优先级排序的无界阻塞队列
DelayQueue 使用优先级队列实现的延时无界阻塞队列
LinkedTransferQueue 由链表组成的无界阻塞队列
LinkedBlockingDueue 由链表组成的双向阻塞队列

4.阻塞队列的核心用法

方法类型	抛出异常	返回布尔	阻塞	超时
插入	add(E e)	offer(E e)	put(E e)	offer(E e,Time,TimeUnit)
移除	remove()	poll()	take()	poll(Time,TimeUnit)
检查	element()	peek()	无	无

4.1抛出异常

当阻塞队列满时，再往队列里add插入元素会抛IllegalStateException:Queue full

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BlockingQueue<Integer> blockingQueue1 = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.add(1));
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.add(2));
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.add(3));
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.add(4));
        
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.element());
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.remainingCapacity());
        
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.remove());
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.remove());
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.remove());
        
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.element());
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.remainingCapacity());
    }

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当阻塞队列空时，再往队列里remove移除元素会抛NoSuchElementException

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BlockingQueue<Integer> blockingQueue1 = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);

        blockingQueue1.add(1);
        blockingQueue1.add(2);
        blockingQueue1.add(3);
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.add(4));
        
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.element());
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.remainingCapacity());
        
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.remove());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.remove());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.remove());
        
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.element());
//        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.remainingCapacity());
    }

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4.2返回布尔

插入方法，成功 ture 失败 false
移除方法，成功返回出队列的元素，队列里面没有就返回null

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BlockingQueue<Integer> blockingQueue1 = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);

        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.offer(1));
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.offer(2));
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.offer(3));
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.offer(4));
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.peek());

        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.poll());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.poll());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.poll());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.poll());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.peek());
    }

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4.3一直阻塞

当阻塞队列满时，生产者线程继续往队列里put元素，队列会一直阻塞生产线程直到put数据成功或者响应中断退出。

当阻塞队列空时，消费者线程试图从队列里take元素，队列会一直阻塞消费者线程直到队列可用。

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        BlockingQueue<Integer> blockingQueue1 = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);
        blockingQueue1.put(1);
        blockingQueue1.put(2);
        blockingQueue1.put(3);
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.take());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.take());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.take());
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.take());
    }

4.4超时退出

当阻塞队列满时，队列会阻塞生产者线程一定时间，超过后限时后生产者线程会退出

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
        BlockingQueue<Integer> blockingQueue1 = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);

        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.offer(1, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.offer(1, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.offer(1, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
        System.out.println(blockingQueue1.offer(1, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
    }

4.5SyschronousQueue

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
        BlockingQueue blockingQueue = new SynchronousQueue();

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                blockingQueue.put(1);
                blockingQueue.put(2);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"AAA").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);
                System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
                Thread.sleep(3000);
                System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"BBB").start();
    }