Android Socket编程与客户端通信

Android Socket编程与客户端通信

云服务器

阿里云上云优惠

环境

Android Studio
JDK 14
阿里云服务器

Android客户端

activity_main.xml

src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Socket"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

MainActivity.java

src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml

package com.demo.socket;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
        final String host_name = this.getString(R.string.host_name);
        final int port = Integer.parseInt(this.getString(R.string.port));

        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new Thread() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Socket socket = null;
                        try {
                            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
                            DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(outputStream);

                            dataOutputStream.writeUTF("Hello World!");
                            InputStream inFromServer = socket.getInputStream();
                            DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(inFromServer);

                            System.out.println("Server response: " + dataInputStream.readUTF());
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        } finally {
                            try {
                                socket.close();
                            } catch (IOException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }.start();
            }
        });
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

添加下列语句以授权互联网访问权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.demo.socket">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

strings.xml

src/main/res/values/strings.xml

其中<host_name>为服务器公网IP，<port>为端口号，需与服务器端设置的端口号一致

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">Socket</string>
    <string name="host_name"><host_name></string>
    <string name="port"><port></string>
</resources>

服务器端

其中<port>为端口号，需与客户端一致

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Server {
    private static ServerSocket serverSocket;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = <port>;
        new Thread() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("Waiting to connect...");

                try {
                    serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
                    serverSocket.setSoTimeout(10000);
                } catch(SocketTimeoutException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

                while (true) {
                    Socket server = null;
                    try {
                        server = serverSocket.accept();

                        DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(server.getInputStream());
                        System.out.println("Receive " + dataInputStream.readUTF());
                        DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(server.getOutputStream());

                        dataOutputStream.writeUTF("Receive successfully!");
                    } catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
                        System.out.println("Time out!");
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }.start();
    }
}

测试结果

客户端

• UI界面

• logcat
  

服务器端

云服务器

使用阿里云、腾讯云服务器需要到对应云服务器安全组开放对应的端口，允许请求IP访问

最后

• 由于博主水平有限，不免有疏漏之处，欢迎读者随时批评指正，以免造成不必要的误解！