Lucene入门及实际项目应用场景

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-20 10:09:55 发布

AluoKa.

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-20 10:09:55 发布

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分类专栏： Lucene 文章标签： Lucene

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44493832/article/details/100583853

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本文介绍了Lucene的入门步骤，包括导入maven依赖、构建和使用索引、文档域加权、索引搜索功能以及中文分词和高亮显示。在构建索引时，详细阐述了索引文件的生成和管理，特别强调了在大数据场景下的处理策略。在搜索功能中，讲解了查询表达式、其他查询方法和组合查询。此外，还提供了中文分词的解决方案，通过更换分词器实现有效分词，并展示了高亮显示的关键步骤。最后，给出了综合案例的相关代码片段。

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文章目录

导入maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
    <artifactId>lucene-core</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
    <artifactId>lucene-queryparser</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
    <artifactId>lucene-analyzers-common</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.1</version>
</dependency>

在这里插入图片描述

生成索引

1、构造方法实例化IndexWriter

u 获取索引文件存放地址对象

u 获取输出流

设置输出流的对应配置

给输出流配置设置分词器

2、关闭索引输出流

3、索引指定路径下的所有文件

4、索引指定的文件

5、获取文档（索引文件中包含的重要信息，key-value的形式）

6、测试

/**
 * 配合Demo1.java进行lucene的helloword实现
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class IndexCreate {
	private IndexWriter indexWriter;
	
	/**
	 * 1，构造方法实例化IndexWriter
	 * @param indexDir
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public IndexCreate(String indexDir) throws Exception{
//		获取索引文件的存放地址对象
		FSDirectory dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get(indexDir));
//		标准分词器（针对英文）
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
//		索引输出流配置对象
		IndexWriterConfig conf = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer); 
		indexWriter = new IndexWriter(dir, conf);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 2，关闭索引输出流
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public void closeIndexWriter()  throws Exception{
		indexWriter.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 3，索引指定路径下的所有路径
	 * @param dataDir
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public int index(String dataDir) throws Exception{
		File[] files = new File(dataDir).listFiles();
		for (File file : files) {
			indexFile(file);
		}
		return indexWriter.numDocs();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 4，所有指定的文件
	 * @param file
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private void indexFile(File file) throws Exception{
		System.out.println("被索引文件的全路径："+file.getCanonicalPath());
		Document doc = getDocument(file);
		indexWriter.addDocument(doc);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 5，获取文档（索引文件中包含的重要信息，key-value的形式）
	 * @param file
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private Document getDocument(File file) throws Exception{
		Document doc = new Document();
		doc.add(new TextField("contents", new FileReader(file)));
//		Field.Store.YES是否存储到硬盘
		doc.add(new TextField("fullPath", file.getCanonicalPath(),Field.Store.YES));
		doc.add(new TextField("fileName", file.getName(),Field.Store.YES));
		return doc;
	}
}

/**
 * 生成索引测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Demo1 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
//		索引文件将要存放的位置
		String indexDir = "D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo1";
//		数据源地址
		String dataDir = "D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo1\\data";
		IndexCreate ic = null; 
		try {
			ic = new IndexCreate(indexDir);
			long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
			int num = ic.index(dataDir);
			long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
			System.out.println("索引指定路径下"+num+"个文件，一共花费了"+(end-start)+"毫秒");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			try {
				ic.closeIndexWriter();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

结果
在这里插入图片描述

使用索引

从索引文件中拿数据

1、获取输入流（通过dirReader）

2、获取索引搜索对象（通过输入流来拿）

3、获取查询对象（通过查询解析器来获取，解析器是通过分词器获取）

4、获取包含关键字排前面的文档对象集合

5、可以获取对应文档的内容

/**
 * 配合Demo2.java进行lucene的helloword实现
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class IndexUse {
	/**
	 * 通过关键字在索引目录中查询
	 * @param indexDir	索引文件所在目录
	 * @param q	关键字
	 */
	public static void search(String indexDir, String q) throws Exception{
		FSDirectory indexDirectory = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get(indexDir));
//		注意:索引输入流不是new出来的，是通过目录读取工具类打开的
		IndexReader indexReader = DirectoryReader.open(indexDirectory);
//		获取索引搜索对象
		IndexSearcher indexSearcher = new IndexSearcher(indexReader);
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
		QueryParser queryParser = new QueryParser("contents", analyzer);
//		获取符合关键字的查询对象
		Query query = queryParser.parse(q);
		
		long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
//		获取关键字出现的前十次
		TopDocs topDocs = indexSearcher.search(query , 10);
		long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("匹配 "+q+" ，总共花费"+(end-start)+"毫秒"+"查询到"+topDocs.totalHits+"个记录");
		
		for (ScoreDoc scoreDoc : topDocs.scoreDocs) {
			int docID = scoreDoc.doc;
//			索引搜索对象通过文档下标获取文档
			Document doc = indexSearcher.doc(docID);
			System.out.println("通过索引文件："+doc.get("fullPath")+"拿数据");
		}
		
		indexReader.close();
	}
}

/**
 * 查询索引测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Demo2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String indexDir = "D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo1";
		String q = "EarlyTerminating-Collector";
		try {
			IndexUse.search(indexDir, q);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

在这里插入图片描述

构建索引

/**
 * 构建索引
 * 	对索引的增删改
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Demo3 {
	private String ids[]={"1","2","3"};
	private String citys[]={"qingdao","nanjing","shanghai"};
	private String descs[]={
			"Qingdao is a beautiful city.",
			"Nanjing is a city of culture.",
			"Shanghai is a bustling city."
	};
	private FSDirectory dir;
	
	/**
	 * 每次都生成索引文件
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Before
	public void setUp() throws Exception {
		dir  = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo2\\indexDir"));
		IndexWriter indexWriter = getIndexWriter();
		for (int i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
			Document doc = new Document();
			doc.add(new StringField("id", ids[i], Field.Store.YES));
			doc.add(new StringField("city", citys[i], Field.Store.YES));
			doc.add(new TextField("desc", descs[i], Field.Store.NO));
			indexWriter.addDocument(doc);
		}
		indexWriter.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 获取索引输出流
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private IndexWriter getIndexWriter()  throws Exception{
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
		IndexWriterConfig conf = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer);
		return new IndexWriter(dir, conf );
	}
	
	/**
	 * 测试写了几个索引文件
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void getWriteDocNum() throws Exception {
		IndexWriter indexWriter = getIndexWriter();
		System.out.println("索引目录下生成"+indexWriter.numDocs()+"个索引文件");
	}
	
	/**
	 * 打上标记，该索引实际并未删除
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void deleteDocBeforeMerge() throws Exception {
		IndexWriter indexWriter = getIndexWriter();
		System.out.println("最大文档数："+indexWriter.maxDoc());
		indexWriter.deleteDocuments(new Term("id", "1"));
		indexWriter.commit();
		
		System.out.println("最大文档数："+indexWriter.maxDoc());
		System.out.println("实际文档数："+indexWriter.numDocs());
		indexWriter.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 对应索引文件已经删除,但是该版本的分词会保留
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void deleteDocAfterMerge() throws Exception {
//		https://blog.csdn.net/asdfsadfasdfsa/article/details/78820030
//		org.apache.lucene.store.LockObtainFailedException: Lock held by this virtual machine:indexWriter是单例的、线程安全的，不允许打开多个。
		IndexWriter indexWriter = getIndexWriter();
		System.out.println("最大文档数："+indexWriter.maxDoc());
		indexWriter.deleteDocuments(new Term("id", "1"));
		indexWriter.forceMergeDeletes(); //强制删除
		indexWriter.commit();
		
		System.out.println("最大文档数："+indexWriter.maxDoc());
		System.out.println("实际文档数："+indexWriter.numDocs());
		indexWriter.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 测试更新索引
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void testUpdate()throws Exception{
		IndexWriter writer=getIndexWriter();
		Document doc=new Document();
		doc.add(new StringField("id", "1", Field.Store.YES));
		doc.add(new StringField("city","qingdao",Field.Store.YES));
		doc.add(new TextField("desc", "dsss is a city.", Field.Store.NO));
		writer.updateDocument(new Term("id","1"), doc);
		writer.close();
	}
}

生成索引

在这里插入图片描述
合并前

合并后

注意：

大数据时用合并前的删除，知识给索引文件打标，定时清理打标的索引文件。

数据量不是特别大的时候，可以及时删除索引文件。

文档域加权

* 文档域加权
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Demo4 {
	private String ids[]={"1","2","3","4"};
	private String authors[]={"Jack","Marry","John","Json"};
	private String positions[]={"accounting","technician","salesperson","boss"};
	private String titles[]={"Java is a good language.","Java is a cross platform language","Java powerful","You should learn java"};
	private String contents[]={
			"If possible, use the same JRE major version at both index and search time.",
			"When upgrading to a different JRE major version, consider re-indexing. ",
			"Different JRE major versions may implement different versions of Unicode,",
			"For example: with Java 1.4, `LetterTokenizer` will split around the character U+02C6,"
	};
	
	private Directory dir;//索引文件目录

	@Before
	public void setUp()throws Exception {
		dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo3\\indexDir"));
		IndexWriter writer = getIndexWriter();
		for (int i = 0; i < authors.length; i++) {
			Document doc = new Document();
			doc.add(new StringField("id", ids[i], Field.Store.YES));
			doc.add(new StringField("author", authors[i], Field.Store.YES));
			doc.add(new StringField("position", positions[i], Field.Store.YES));
			
			TextField textField = new TextField("title", titles[i], Field.Store.YES);
			
//			Json投钱做广告，把排名刷到第一了
//			if("boss".equals(positions[i])) {
//				textField.setBoost(2f);//设置权重，默认为1
//			}
			
			doc.add(textField);
//			TextField会分词，StringField不会分词
			doc.add(new TextField("content", contents[i], Field.Store.NO));
			writer.addDocument(doc);
		}
		writer.close();
		
	}

	private IndexWriter getIndexWriter() throws Exception{
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
		IndexWriterConfig conf = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer);
		return new IndexWriter(dir, conf);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void index() throws Exception{
		IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
		IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader);
		String fieldName = "title";
		String keyWord = "java";
		Term t = new Term(fieldName, keyWord);
		Query query = new TermQuery(t);
		TopDocs hits = searcher.search(query, 10);
		System.out.println("关键字：‘"+keyWord+"’命中了"+hits.totalHits+"次");
		for (ScoreDoc scoreDoc : hits.scoreDocs) {
			Document doc = searcher.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
			System.out.println(doc.get("author"));
		}
	}
	
}

在这里插入图片描述文档域加权后

注意：关键字加权有利于排名的提升。

索引搜索功能

特定项搜索

/**
 * 特定项搜索
 * 查询表达式（queryParser）
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Demo5 {
	@Before
	public void setUp() {
		// 索引文件将要存放的位置
		String indexDir = "D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo4";
		// 数据源地址
		String dataDir = "D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo4\\data";
		IndexCreate ic = null;
		try {
			ic = new IndexCreate(indexDir);
			long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
			int num = ic.index(dataDir);
			long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
			System.out.println("检索指定路径下" + num + "个文件，一共花费了" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
			
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				ic.closeIndexWriter();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 特定项搜索
	 */
	@Test
	public void testTermQuery() {
		String indexDir = "D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo4";
		
		String fld = "contents";
		String text = "indexformattoooldexception";
//		特定项片段名和关键字
		Term t  = new Term(fld , text);
		TermQuery tq = new TermQuery(t  );
		try {
			FSDirectory indexDirectory = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get(indexDir));
//			注意:索引输入流不是new出来的，是通过目录读取工具类打开的
			IndexReader indexReader = DirectoryReader.open(indexDirectory);
//			获取索引搜索对象
			IndexSearcher is = new IndexSearcher(indexReader);
			
			
			TopDocs hits = is.search(tq, 100);
//			System.out.println(hits.totalHits);
			for(ScoreDoc scoreDoc: hits.scoreDocs) {
				Document doc = is.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
				System.out.println("文件"+doc.get("fullPath")+"中含有该关键字");
				
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 查询表达式（queryParser）
	 */
	@Test
	public void testQueryParser() {
		String indexDir = "D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo4";
//		获取查询解析器（通过哪种分词器去解析哪种片段）
		QueryParser queryParser = new QueryParser("contents", new StandardAnalyzer());
		try {
			FSDirectory indexDirectory = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get(indexDir));
//			注意:索引输入流不是new出来的，是通过目录读取工具类打开的
			IndexReader indexReader = DirectoryReader.open(indexDirectory);
//			获取索引搜索对象
			IndexSearcher is = new IndexSearcher(indexReader);
			
//			由解析器去解析对应的关键字
			TopDocs hits = is.search(queryParser.parse("indexformattoooldexception") , 100);
			for(ScoreDoc scoreDoc: hits.scoreDocs) {
				Document doc = is.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
				System.out.println("文件"+doc.get("fullPath")+"中含有该关键字");
				
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (ParseException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

在这里插入图片描述

查询表达式

@Test
	public void testQueryParser() {
		String indexDir = "E:\\temp\\T224\\lucene\\demo4";
//		获取查询解析器（通过哪种分词器去解析哪种片段）
		QueryParser queryParser = new QueryParser("contents", new StandardAnalyzer());
		try {
			FSDirectory indexDirectory = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get(indexDir));
//			注意:索引输入流不是new出来的，是通过目录读取工具类打开的
			IndexReader indexReader = DirectoryReader.open(indexDirectory);
//			获取索引搜索对象
			IndexSearcher is = new IndexSearcher(indexReader);
			
//			由解析器去解析对应的关键字
			TopDocs hits = is.search(queryParser.parse("indexformattoooldexception") , 100);
			for(ScoreDoc scoreDoc: hits.scoreDocs) {
				Document doc = is.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
				System.out.println("文件"+doc.get("fullPath")+"中含有该关键字");
				
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (ParseException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

其他查询方法

/**
 * 指定数字范围查询
 * 指定字符串开头字母查询（prefixQuery）
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Demo6 {
	private int ids[]={1,2,3};
	private String citys[]={"qingdao","nanjing","shanghai"};
	private String descs[]={
			"Qingdao is a beautiful city.",
			"Nanjing is a city of culture.",
			"Shanghai is a bustling city."
	};
	private FSDirectory dir;
	
	/**
	 * 每次都生成索引文件
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Before
	public void setUp() throws Exception {
		dir  = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo2\\indexDir"));
		IndexWriter indexWriter = getIndexWriter();
		for (int i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
			Document doc = new Document();
			doc.add(new IntField("id", ids[i], Field.Store.YES));
			doc.add(new StringField("city", citys[i], Field.Store.YES));
			doc.add(new TextField("desc", descs[i], Field.Store.YES));
			indexWriter.addDocument(doc);
		}
		indexWriter.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取索引输出流
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private IndexWriter getIndexWriter()  throws Exception{
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
		IndexWriterConfig conf = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer);
		return new IndexWriter(dir, conf );
	}
	
	/**
	 * 指定数字范围查询
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void testNumericRangeQuery()throws Exception{
		IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
		IndexSearcher is = new IndexSearcher(reader);
		
		NumericRangeQuery<Integer> query=NumericRangeQuery.newIntRange("id", 1, 2, true, true);
		TopDocs hits=is.search(query, 10);
		for(ScoreDoc scoreDoc:hits.scoreDocs){
			Document doc=is.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
			System.out.println(doc.get("id"));
			System.out.println(doc.get("city"));
			System.out.println(doc.get("desc"));
		}		
	}
	
	/**
	 * 指定字符串开头字母查询（prefixQuery）
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void testPrefixQuery()throws Exception{
		IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
		IndexSearcher is = new IndexSearcher(reader);
		
		PrefixQuery query=new PrefixQuery(new Term("city","n"));
		TopDocs hits=is.search(query, 10);
		for(ScoreDoc scoreDoc:hits.scoreDocs){
			Document doc=is.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
			System.out.println(doc.get("id"));
			System.out.println(doc.get("city"));
			System.out.println(doc.get("desc"));
		}	
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testBooleanQuery()throws Exception{
		IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
		IndexSearcher is = new IndexSearcher(reader);
		
		NumericRangeQuery<Integer> query1=NumericRangeQuery.newIntRange("id", 1, 2, true, true);
		PrefixQuery query2=new PrefixQuery(new Term("city","n"));
		BooleanQuery.Builder booleanQuery=new BooleanQuery.Builder();
		booleanQuery.add(query1,BooleanClause.Occur.MUST);
		booleanQuery.add(query2,BooleanClause.Occur.MUST);
		TopDocs hits=is.search(booleanQuery.build(), 10);
		for(ScoreDoc scoreDoc:hits.scoreDocs){
			Document doc=is.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
			System.out.println(doc.get("id"));
			System.out.println(doc.get("city"));
			System.out.println(doc.get("desc"));
		}	
	}
}

在这里插入图片描述

组合查询

：重点
在这里插入图片描述

中文分词&&高亮显示

private Integer ids[]={1,2,3};
	private String citys[]={"青岛","南京","上海"};
	private String descs[]={
			"青岛是个美丽的城市。",
			"南京是个有文化的城市。",
			"上海市个繁华的城市。"
	};

使用标准分词器对中文进行分词的结果如下
在这里插入图片描述
把每个字都当作了一个词，并没有达到我们想要的效果
中文分词

导入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
    <artifactId>lucene-analyzers-smartcn</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.1</version>
</dependency>

将标准分词器换成中文分词器
在这里插入图片描述
高亮显示
导入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
    <artifactId>lucene-highlighter</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.1</version>
</dependency>

高亮显示的步骤：

1、通过查询对象，获取查询得分对象

2、通过得分对象，获取对应的片段

3、实例化一个html格式化对象

4、通过html格式化实例和查询得分实例，来实例化Lucene提供的高亮显示类对象。

5、将前面获取到的得分片段，设置到高亮显示的的实例对象中。

6、通过分词器获取TokenStream令牌流对象

7、通过令牌和原有的片段，去拿高亮展示后的片段

public class Demo7 {
	private Integer ids[] = { 1, 2, 3 };
	private String citys[] = { "青岛", "南京", "上海" };
	// private String descs[]={
	// "青岛是个美丽的城市。",
	// "南京是个有文化的城市。",
	// "上海市个繁华的城市。"
	// };
	private String descs[] = { "青岛是个美丽的城市。",
			"南京是一个文化的城市南京，简称宁，是江苏省会，地处中国东部地区，长江下游，濒江近海。全市下辖11个区，总面积6597平方公里，2013年建成区面积752.83平方公里，常住人口818.78万，其中城镇人口659.1万人。[1-4] “江南佳丽地，金陵帝王州”，南京拥有着6000多年文明史、近2600年建城史和近500年的建都史，是中国四大古都之一，有“六朝古都”、“十朝都会”之称，是中华文明的重要发祥地，历史上曾数次庇佑华夏之正朔，长期是中国南方的政治、经济、文化中心，拥有厚重的文化底蕴和丰富的历史遗存。[5-7] 南京是国家重要的科教中心，自古以来就是一座崇文重教的城市，有“天下文枢”、“东南第一学”的美誉。截至2013年，南京有高等院校75所，其中211高校8所，仅次于北京上海；国家重点实验室25所、国家重点学科169个、两院院士83人，均居中国第三。[8-10]",
			"上海市个繁华的城市。" };

	private FSDirectory dir;

	/**
	 * 每次都生成索引文件
	 * 
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Before
	public void setUp() throws Exception {
		dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D:\\lucenetemp\\lucene\\demo2\\indexDir"));
		IndexWriter indexWriter = getIndexWriter();
		for (int i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
			Document doc = new Document();
			doc.add(new IntField("id", ids[i], Field.Store.YES));
			doc.add(new StringField("city", citys[i], Field.Store.YES));
			doc.add(new TextField("desc", descs[i], Field.Store.YES));
			indexWriter.addDocument(doc);
		}
		indexWriter.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 获取索引输出流
	 * 
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private IndexWriter getIndexWriter() throws Exception {
//		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
		Analyzer analyzer = new SmartChineseAnalyzer();
		IndexWriterConfig conf = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer);
		return new IndexWriter(dir, conf);
	}

	/**
	 * luke查看索引生成
	 * 
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void testIndexCreate() throws Exception {

	}

	/**
	 * 测试高亮
	 * 
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void testHeight() throws Exception {
		IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
		IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader);

		SmartChineseAnalyzer analyzer = new SmartChineseAnalyzer();
		QueryParser parser = new QueryParser("desc", analyzer);
		// Query query = parser.parse("南京文化");
		Query query = parser.parse("南京文明");
		TopDocs hits = searcher.search(query, 100);

		// 查询得分项
		QueryScorer queryScorer = new QueryScorer(query);
		// 得分项对应的内容片段
		SimpleSpanFragmenter fragmenter = new SimpleSpanFragmenter(queryScorer);
		// 高亮显示的样式
		SimpleHTMLFormatter htmlFormatter = new SimpleHTMLFormatter("<span color='red'><b>", "</b></span>");
		// 高亮显示对象
		Highlighter highlighter = new Highlighter(htmlFormatter, queryScorer);
		// 设置需要高亮显示对应的内容片段
		highlighter.setTextFragmenter(fragmenter);

		for (ScoreDoc scoreDoc : hits.scoreDocs) {
			Document doc = searcher.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
			String desc = doc.get("desc");
			if (desc != null) {
				// tokenstream是从doucment的域（field)中抽取的一个个分词而组成的一个数据流，用于分词。
				TokenStream tokenStream = analyzer.tokenStream("desc", new StringReader(desc));
				System.out.println("高亮显示的片段：" + highlighter.getBestFragment(tokenStream, desc));
			}
			System.out.println("所有内容：" + desc);
		}

	}

}

控制台结果：

高亮显示的片段：城镇人口659.1万人。[1-4] “江南佳丽地，金陵帝王州”，<span color='red'><b>南京</b></span>拥有着6000多年<span color='red'><b>文明</b></span>史、近2600年建城史和近500年的建都史，是中国四大古都之一，有“六朝古都”、“十朝都会”之称，是中华<span color='red'><b>文明</b></span>的
所有内容：南京是一个文化的城市南京，简称宁，是江苏省会，地处中国东部地区，长江下游，濒江近海。全市下辖11个区，总面积6597平方公里，2013年建成区面积752.83平方公里，常住人口818.78万，其中城镇人口659.1万人。[1-4] “江南佳丽地，金陵帝王州”，南京拥有着6000多年文明史、近2600年建城史和近500年的建都史，是中国四大古都之一，有“六朝古都”、“十朝都会”之称，是中华文明的重要发祥地，历史上曾数次庇佑华夏之正朔，长期是中国南方的政治、经济、文化中心，拥有厚重的文化底蕴和丰富的历史遗存。[5-7] 南京是国家重要的科教中心，自古以来就是一座崇文重教的城市，有“天下文枢”、“东南第一学”的美誉。截至2013年，南京有高等院校75所，其中211高校8所，仅次于北京上海；国家重点实验室25所、国家重点学科169个、两院院士83人，均居中国第三。[8-10]

综合案例：

重要代码
pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.javaxl</groupId>
	<artifactId>javaxl_lunece_freemarker</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>javaxl_lunece_freemarker Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
	<properties>
		<httpclient.version>4.5.2</httpclient.version>
		<jsoup.version>1.10.1</jsoup.version>
		<!-- <lucene.version>7.1.0</lucene.version> -->
		<lucene.version>5.3.1</lucene.version>
		<ehcache.version>2.10.3</ehcache.version>
		<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
		<log4j.version>1.2.16</log4j.version>
		<mysql.version>5.1.44</mysql.version>
		<fastjson.version>1.2.47</fastjson.version>
		<struts2.version>2.5.16</struts2.version>
		<servlet.version>4.0.1</servlet.version>
		<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
		<standard.version>1.1.2</standard.version>
		<tomcat-jsp-api.version>8.0.47</tomcat-jsp-api.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>${junit.version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- jdbc驱动包 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>${mysql.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 添加Httpclient支持 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
			<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
			<version>${httpclient.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 添加jsoup支持 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
			<artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
			<version>${jsoup.version}</version>
		</dependency>


		<!-- 添加日志支持 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
			<version>${log4j.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 添加ehcache支持 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
			<artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
			<version>${ehcache.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
			<version>${fastjson.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>${struts2.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>${servlet.version}</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>


		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
			<artifactId>lucene-core</artifactId>
			<version>${lucene.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
			<artifactId>lucene-queryparser</artifactId>
			<version>${lucene.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId> <artifactId>lucene-analyzers-common</artifactId> 
			<version>${lucene.version}</version> </dependency> -->

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
			<artifactId>lucene-analyzers-smartcn</artifactId>
			<version>${lucene.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
			<artifactId>lucene-highlighter</artifactId>
			<version>${lucene.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 5.3、jstl、standard -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>jstl</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>${jstl.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
			<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
			<version>${standard.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 5.4、tomcat-jsp-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
			<artifactId>tomcat-jsp-api</artifactId>
			<version>${tomcat-jsp-api.version}</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<finalName>javaxl_lunece_freemarker</finalName>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.7.0</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

BlogAction

public class BlogAction {
	private String title;
	private BlogDao blogDao = new BlogDao();

	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}

	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}

	public String list() {
		try {
			HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
			if (StringUtils.isBlank(title)) {
				List<Map<String, Object>> blogList = this.blogDao.list(title, null);
				request.setAttribute("blogList", blogList);
			}else {
				Directory directory = LuceneUtil.getDirectory(PropertiesUtil.getValue("indexPath"));
				DirectoryReader reader = LuceneUtil.getDirectoryReader(directory);
				IndexSearcher searcher = LuceneUtil.getIndexSearcher(reader);
				SmartChineseAnalyzer analyzer = new SmartChineseAnalyzer();
//				拿一句话到索引目中的索引文件中的词库进行关键词碰撞
				Query query = new QueryParser("title", analyzer).parse(title);
				Highlighter highlighter = LuceneUtil.getHighlighter(query, "title");
				
				TopDocs topDocs = searcher.search(query , 100);
				//处理得分命中的文档
				List<Map<String, Object>> blogList = new ArrayList<>();
				Map<String, Object> map = null;
				ScoreDoc[] scoreDocs = topDocs.scoreDocs;
				for (ScoreDoc scoreDoc : scoreDocs) {
					map = new HashMap<>();
					Document doc = searcher.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
					map.put("id", doc.get("id"));
					String titleHighlighter = doc.get("title");
					if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(titleHighlighter)) {
						titleHighlighter = highlighter.getBestFragment(analyzer, "title", titleHighlighter);
					}
					map.put("title", titleHighlighter);
					map.put("url", doc.get("url"));
					blogList.add(map);
				}
				
				request.setAttribute("blogList", blogList);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return "blogList";
	}
}

IndexStarter


/**
 * 构建lucene索引
 * @author Administrator
 * 1。构建索引	IndexWriter
 * 2、读取索引文件，获取命中片段
 * 3、使得命中片段高亮显示
 *
 */
public class IndexStarter {
	private static BlogDao blogDao = new BlogDao();
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		IndexWriterConfig conf = new IndexWriterConfig(new SmartChineseAnalyzer());
		Directory d;
		IndexWriter indexWriter = null;
		try {
			d = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get(PropertiesUtil.getValue("indexPath")));
			indexWriter = new IndexWriter(d , conf );
			
//			为数据库中的所有数据构建索引
			List<Map<String, Object>> list = blogDao.list(null, null);
			for (Map<String, Object> map : list) {
				Document doc = new Document();
				doc.add(new StringField("id", (String) map.get("id"), Field.Store.YES));
//				TextField用于对一句话分词处理	java培训机构
				doc.add(new TextField("title", (String) map.get("title"), Field.Store.YES));
				doc.add(new StringField("url", (String) map.get("url"), Field.Store.YES));
				indexWriter.addDocument(doc);
			}
			
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InstantiationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			try {
				if(indexWriter!= null) {
					indexWriter.close();
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

LuceneUtil

/**
 * lucene工具类
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class LuceneUtil {

	/**
	 * 获取索引文件存放的文件夹对象
	 * 
	 * @param path
	 * @return
	 */
	public static Directory getDirectory(String path) {
		Directory directory = null;
		try {
			directory = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get(path));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return directory;
	}

	/**
	 * 索引文件存放在内存
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static Directory getRAMDirectory() {
		Directory directory = new RAMDirectory();
		return directory;
	}

	/**
	 * 文件夹读取对象
	 * 
	 * @param directory
	 * @return
	 */
	public static DirectoryReader getDirectoryReader(Directory directory) {
		DirectoryReader reader = null;
		try {
			reader = DirectoryReader.open(directory);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return reader;
	}

	/**
	 * 文件索引对象
	 * 
	 * @param reader
	 * @return
	 */
	public static IndexSearcher getIndexSearcher(DirectoryReader reader) {
		IndexSearcher indexSearcher = new IndexSearcher(reader);
		return indexSearcher;
	}

	/**
	 * 写入索引对象
	 * 
	 * @param directory
	 * @param analyzer
	 * @return
	 */
	public static IndexWriter getIndexWriter(Directory directory, Analyzer analyzer)

	{
		IndexWriter iwriter = null;
		try {
			IndexWriterConfig config = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer);
			config.setOpenMode(OpenMode.CREATE_OR_APPEND);
			// Sort sort=new Sort(new SortField("content", Type.STRING));
			// config.setIndexSort(sort);//排序
			config.setCommitOnClose(true);
			// 自动提交
			// config.setMergeScheduler(new ConcurrentMergeScheduler());
			// config.setIndexDeletionPolicy(new
			// SnapshotDeletionPolicy(NoDeletionPolicy.INSTANCE));
			iwriter = new IndexWriter(directory, config);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return iwriter;
	}

	/**
	 * 关闭索引文件生成对象以及文件夹对象
	 * 
	 * @param indexWriter
	 * @param directory
	 */
	public static void close(IndexWriter indexWriter, Directory directory) {
		if (indexWriter != null) {
			try {
				indexWriter.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				indexWriter = null;
			}
		}
		if (directory != null) {
			try {
				directory.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				directory = null;
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 关闭索引文件读取对象以及文件夹对象
	 * 
	 * @param reader
	 * @param directory
	 */
	public static void close(DirectoryReader reader, Directory directory) {
		if (reader != null) {
			try {
				reader.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				reader = null;
			}
		}
		if (directory != null) {
			try {
				directory.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				directory = null;
			}
		}

	}

	/**
	 * 高亮标签
	 * 
	 * @param query
	 * @param fieldName
	 * @return
	 */

	public static Highlighter getHighlighter(Query query, String fieldName)

	{
		Formatter formatter = new SimpleHTMLFormatter("<span style='color:red'>", "</span>");
		Scorer fragmentScorer = new QueryTermScorer(query, fieldName);
		Highlighter highlighter = new Highlighter(formatter, fragmentScorer);
		highlighter.setTextFragmenter(new SimpleFragmenter(200));
		return highlighter;
	}
}

运行
在这里插入图片描述