（C++）设计一个日期类Date，包括年、月、日等私有数据成员。要求实现日期的基本运算，包括某日期加上指定天数、某日期减去指定天数、两个日期相差的天数等。

C++面向对象程序设计课后作业第239页第5题

题目要求：设计一个日期类Date，包括年、月、日等私有数据成员。要求实现日期的基本运算，包括某日期加上指定天数、某日期减去指定天数、两个日期相差的天数等。

代码仅供参考

#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
class Date {
private:
	int year;			//年份
	int month;			//月份
	int day;			//天
	long overDay;		//总的天数
	bool isLeap() {				//判断闰年、平年
		if (year % 400 == 0 || year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) return true;
		else return false;
	}
	int* Months() {			//计算本年每月天数
		int months[12] = { 31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31 };
		if (this->isLeap()) months[1] += 1;
		return months;
	}
public:
	Date(int day = 1, int month = 1, int year = 0001) {
		this->year = year;
		this->month = month;
		this->day = day;
		overDay = 0;
	}
	int OverDay() {			//计算从0001年1月1日至今的天数
		overDay = 0;
		int* temp = this->Months();
		for (int i = 0; i < this->month - 1; i++) { overDay += *temp++; }
		overDay += day;
		*temp = year - 1;
		overDay += (*temp / 4 - *temp / 100 + *temp / 400) * 366 + (*temp - (*temp / 4 - *temp / 100 + *temp / 400)) * 365;
		return overDay;
	}
	void Dispaly() {		//打印时间
		printf("%04d-%02d-%02d", year, month, day);
	}
protected:
	friend Date toDate(int);		//声明友元函数——天数转化为格式化时间
	friend Date operator- (Date date1, Date date2);		//运算符重载“-”
	friend Date operator+ (Date date1, Date date2);		//运算符重载“+”
};
Date toDate(int days = 0) {
	days = fabs(days);
	Date date(31, 12, 1);
	while (true)
	{
		if (date.OverDay() >= days) break;
		date.year++;
	}
	int* day = (date.Months() + 11);
	days = date.overDay - days;
	for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
	{
		if (days >= *day)
		{
			days -= *day--;
			date.month--;
		}
		else {
			date.day = *day - days;
		}
	}
	return date;
}
Date operator- (Date date1, Date date2) {
	int days1 = date1.OverDay();
	int days2 = date2.OverDay();
	return toDate(days1 - days2);
}
Date operator+ (Date date1, Date date2) {
	int days1 = date1.OverDay();
	int days2 = date2.OverDay();
	return toDate(days1 + days2);
}int main() {
	Date date1(1, 3, 1970);
	Date date2(27, 12, 2020);
	Date date3 = date2 + 5;
	cout << "date1:"; date1.Dispaly();
	cout << "\ndate2:"; date2.Dispaly();
	cout << "\ndate2 + 5="; date3.Dispaly();
	date3 = date1 - 1;
	cout << "\ndate1 - 1="; date3.Dispaly();
	date3 = date1 - date2;
	cout << "\ndate1 - date2="<<date3.OverDay() << "天";
	return 0;
}