Linux C++ 简单的http协议应用

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最新推荐文章于 2023-02-15 09:35:47 发布

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分类专栏： C++ linux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44647223/article/details/117739401

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支持读取html文件（js, css等文件实现过程类似）
支持读取各类型图片

server.cpp

#include<iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <fstream>
#include <thread>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
using namespace std;

#pragma comment(lib , "Ws2_32.lib")


string OK = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK \r\n";
string NotFound = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found \r\n";
string Date = "Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2021 08:48:40 GMT \r\n";

string Content_type = "Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 \r\n"; //html文件
string Content_type_img1 = "Content-Type: image/jpeg \r\n"; //jpg文件
string Content_type_img2 = "Content-Type: image/png \r\n"; //png文件
string Conenct_close = "Connection: close\r\n";

string bits = "Accept-Ranges: bytes\r\n";

// string Content_length = "Content-Length: 1000"; //默认发送内容长度为1000

int serverSock , connectingSock;
struct sockaddr_in serverAddr , connectingAddr;
int addrlen;

//专门发送图片的数据结构
typedef struct Pic_info{
    char *pic_p_bufs = NULL;
    int pic_tlen; 
}Pic_info;
Pic_info *pic = new Pic_info();


void Link(string ip, int port);//常规初始化绑定
string analysis(vector<string> &arr); //解析请求头从而分配资源
string read_html(string url); //读取html文件内容
void sendPic(string); //发送图片
string getTime(); //获取系统当前时间

int main( int argc , char* argv[]){
    char msg[1000]; //接收消息
    memset(msg ,0 ,1000);

    Link("192.168.121.128", 8000);//IP, 端口号

    while(true){
        cout<<"等待客户端连接..."<<endl;
        // puts("等待客户端连接...");
        connectingSock = accept(serverSock , (struct sockaddr*)&connectingAddr , (socklen_t*)&addrlen);
        if( connectingSock < 0){
            cout<<"处理连接时发生错误"<<endl;
            // puts("处理连接时发生错误");
            break;
        }
        
        string file_text = "";
        vector<string> arr;//格式化请求头信息
        if (recv(connectingSock , msg , 999 , 0) <= 0){
            // puts("接收消息失败");
            cout<<"接收消息失败"<<endl;
        }else{
            //获得客户端发送的消息，现在进行解析
            string str = msg;//全部的请求头信息
            int index = 0;
            
            for(int i=0; i<str.length(); i++){
                if(str[i]=='\n'){
                    string temp = str.substr(index, i-index);
                    index = i;
                    arr.push_back(temp);
                }
            }
            cout<<"arr[0] = "<<arr[0]<<endl;
            // cout<<str<<endl;

            file_text = analysis(arr); //分析地址信息，返回读取的文件内容
            // cout<<"file_text = "<<file_text<<endl;
        }

        //这个是发送图片，功能可拓展
        if(arr[0].find(".jpg")!=-1 || arr[0].find(".png")!=-1){
            cout<<"pic->pic_tlen = "<<pic->pic_tlen<<endl;
            if(send(connectingSock , pic->pic_p_bufs, pic->pic_tlen , 0) <=0 ){
                cout<<"图片发送失败"<<endl;
                close(connectingSock);
            }else{
                cout<<msg<<endl<<"\n图片发送成功"<<endl;
                close(connectingSock);
            }
            if(pic->pic_p_bufs!=NULL){//释放malloc分配的内存
                free(pic->pic_p_bufs);
                pic->pic_p_bufs = NULL;
            }

        }else{//这个是发送html,txt,css等文件，功能可拓展
            if(send(connectingSock , file_text.c_str(), file_text.length() , 0) <=0 ){
                cout<<"发送消息失败"<<endl;
                close(connectingSock);
            }else{
                cout<<msg<<endl<<"\n发送消息成功"<<endl;
                close(connectingSock);
            }
        }

        
    }
    close(serverSock);
    return 0;
}

//常规Socket绑定
void Link(string str, int port){
    serverSock = socket( AF_INET , SOCK_STREAM , IPPROTO_TCP);
    if( serverSock <0){
        cout<<"socket建立失败"<<endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
    memset(&serverAddr ,0 ,addrlen);
    serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serverAddr.sin_port = htons(port);
    serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(str.c_str());

    if(bind( serverSock , (struct sockaddr*)&serverAddr , sizeof(struct sockaddr_in) )<0){
        // puts("绑定IP 地址到socket失败");
        cout<<"绑定IP 地址到socket失败"<<endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    if(listen(serverSock , 10)){
        cout<<"设置socket为监听状态失败"<<endl;
        // puts("设置socket为监听状态失败");
    }
}

//解析请求头
string analysis(vector<string> &arr){
    //分析请求资源（主要请求html文件）
    cout<<arr[0]<<endl;
    int index = arr[0].find(" ");
    string url;
    for(int i=index+1; i<arr[0].length(); i++){
        if(arr[0][i]==' '){
            url = arr[0].substr(index+1, i-index);
            
        }
    }
    cout<<"url = "<<url<<endl;//访问的文件路径
    string Content_length = "";
    if(arr[0].find(".html")!=-1){//请求的是html文件
        string file_text = read_html(url);
        Date = "Date: "+getTime()+" GMT \r\n";
        if(file_text==""){//未找到请求文件，返回404页面
            string NotFound_html = read_html("/404.html");
            Content_length = "Content-Length: "+to_string(NotFound_html.length());
            return NotFound+Date+Content_type+Content_length+"\r\n\r\n "+NotFound_html;
        }else{
            Content_length = "Content-Length: "+to_string(file_text.length());
            return OK+Date+Content_type+Content_length+"\r\n\r\n "+file_text;
        }
    }else if(arr[0].find(".png")!=-1 || arr[0].find(".jpg")!=-1){//请求的是jpg图片信息
        cout<<"发送图片"<<endl;
        sendPic(url);
        return "";
    }else{//未知请求
        string NotFound_html = read_html("/404.html");
        Content_length = "Content-Length: "+to_string(NotFound_html.length());
        return NotFound+Date+Content_type+Content_length+"\r\n\r\n "+NotFound_html;
    }
    
}
//读取html文件内容
string read_html(string url){
    string filename = ".";
    for(char ch:url){
        if(ch!=' ')filename += ch;
    }
    cout<<"filename = "<<filename.c_str()<<endl;
    fstream fin;
    fin.open(filename.c_str(), ios::in);
    // cout<<"fin = "<<fin<<endl;
    if(!fin){
        cout<<"文件不存在"<<endl;
        return "";
    }
    string v = "";
    string tmp;
    while (getline(fin, tmp)) {
        // v.push_back(tmp);
        v += tmp;
    }
    fin.close();
    // cout<<"v = "<<v<<endl;

    return v;
}

//发送图片
void sendPic(string url){
    string filename = ".";
    for(char ch:url){
        if(ch!=' ')filename += ch;
    }
    cout<<"filename = "<<filename.c_str()<<endl;

    // int fd = *pFD;
    FILE * fp;
    int len;
    
    char readBuf[600*1024] = {0}; //600k
        
    int tlen;
    char * p_bufs = NULL; 
        
    /* read data */
    fp = fopen(filename.c_str(), "rb");
    if (NULL == fp){
        cout<<"打开文件失败"<<endl;
        return ;
    }
    fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);

    len = ftell(fp);
    if (len <= 0){
        cout<<"文件为空"<<endl;
        fclose(fp);
        return ;
    }
    fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
    
    len = fread(readBuf, 1, len, fp);
    fclose(fp);
    
    /* send data */
    p_bufs = (char *)malloc(len + 1024);
    if (NULL == p_bufs){
        printf("malloc 分配失败!\n");
        return ;
    }
    if(filename.find(".png")!=-1){
        //可以自定义响应头部信息
        string response_head = OK+Content_type_img2+"Content-Length: %d\r\n\r\n";
        tlen = sprintf(p_bufs,  response_head.c_str(),len);

    }else if(filename.find(".jpg")!=-1){
        tlen = sprintf(p_bufs,  "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
                        // "Server: hsoap/2.8\r\n"
                        "Content-Type: image/jpeg\r\n"
                        "Content-Length: %d\r\n\r\n",
                        // "Connection: close\r\n\r\n",
                        len);
    }else{
        cout<<"未知图片"<<endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    

    memcpy(p_bufs+tlen, readBuf, len);
    tlen += len;

    pic->pic_p_bufs = p_bufs;//返回给前端保温
    pic->pic_tlen = tlen; //报文长度

    cout<<"读取完毕！"<<endl;


    // send(fd, p_bufs, tlen, 0);
    
    // free(p_bufs);

}

string getTime(){//获取系统时间
    time_t timep;
    time (&timep);
    char tmp[64];
    strftime(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",localtime(&timep));
    return tmp;
}

Makefile

server:server.cpp
	rm -rf server #删除旧的
	rm -rf *o
	g++ $^ -o $@ 
clean:
	rm -rf server
	rm -rf *o

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<title>Hello</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1>Hello World123345</h1>
	<img src="cat.png" width="20%">
	<img src="cat.jpg" width="20%">
</body>
</html>

404.html

<html lang="zh-CN">

<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>404 错误 - phpstudy</title>
    <meta name="keywords" content="">
    <meta name="description" content="">
    <meta name="renderer" content="webkit">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-store, must-revalidate">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="Wed, 26 Feb 1997 08:21:57 GMT">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
    <style>
        body {
    font: 16px arial,'Microsoft Yahei','Hiragino Sans GB',sans-serif;
}

h1 {
    margin: 0;
    color: #3a87ad;
    font-size: 26px;
}

.content {
    width: 45%;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.content >div {
    margin-top: 50px;
    padding: 20px;
    background: #d9edf7;
    border-radius: 12px;
}

.content dl {
    color: #2d6a88;
    line-height: 40px;
}

.content div div {
    padding-bottom: 20px;
    text-align: center;
}
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="content">
        <div>
            <h1>404 - Page Not Found 未找到</h1>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

</html>