【Java】文件操作

File类的静态成员变量

//目录分隔符
File.separator
File.separatorChar
//路径分隔符
File.pathSeparator
File.pathSeparatorChar

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //分隔符
        System.out.println(File.separator);
        System.out.println(File.separatorChar);
        //路径分隔符
        System.out.println(File.pathSeparator);
        System.out.println(File.pathSeparatorChar);
    }
}

输出：
\
\
;
;

File类的构造方法

File(String pathname)
File(String parent, String child)
File(File parent, String child)

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //绝对路径
        File f1 = new File("C:\\test.txt");
        //相对路径
        File f2 = new File("test.txt");
        //文件夹路径
        File f3 = new File("C:\\");
        System.out.println(f1);
        System.out.println(f2);
        System.out.println(f3);
    }
}

输出：
C:\test.txt
test.txt
C:\

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File f1 = new File("C:\\","test.txt");
        File f2 = new File("D:\\","test.txt");
        System.out.println(f1);
        System.out.println(f2);
    }
}

输出：
C:\test.txt
D:\test.txt

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File f1 = new File("C:\\");
        File f2 = new File(f1,"test.txt");
        System.out.println(f1);
        System.out.println(f2);
    }
}

输出：
C:\
C:\test.txt

获取功能的方法

String	getAbsolutePath()
String	getPath()
String	getName()
long	length()
String getCanonicalPath()
File getCanonicalFile()
String getParent()
File getParentFile()
long getTotalSpace()
long getUsableSpace()
long getFreeSpace()

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        File f1 = new File(new File("C:\\Users\\Mr.m\\IdeaProjects\\untitled"),"test.txt");
        //获取绝对路径
        System.out.println(f1.getAbsolutePath());
        //获取绝对路径文件对象
        System.out.println(f1.getAbsoluteFile());
        //获取路径名
        System.out.println(f1.getPath());
        //获取文件名
        System.out.println(f1.getName());
        //获取文件长度（单位：字节）
        System.out.println(f1.length());
        //获取此抽象路径名的规范形式
        System.out.println(f1.getCanonicalPath());
        //获取此抽象路径名的规范形式文件对象
        System.out.println(f1.getCanonicalFile());
        //获取父文件夹名
        System.out.println(f1.getParent());
        //获取父文件夹对象
        System.out.println(f1.getParentFile());
        //获取文件所在磁盘的大小
        System.out.println(f1.getTotalSpace());
        //获取虚拟机可用磁盘空间大小
        System.out.println(f1.getUsableSpace());
        //获取虚拟机可用空闲磁盘大小
        System.out.println(f1.getFreeSpace());
    }
}

输出：
C:\Users\Mr.m\IdeaProjects\untitled\test.txt
C:\Users\Mr.m\IdeaProjects\untitled\test.txt
C:\Users\Mr.m\IdeaProjects\untitled\test.txt
test.txt
6
C:\Users\Mr.m\IdeaProjects\untitled\test.txt
C:\Users\Mr.m\IdeaProjects\untitled\test.txt
C:\Users\Mr.m\IdeaProjects\untitled
C:\Users\Mr.m\IdeaProjects\untitled
254930128896
3164651520
3164651520